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Cisco NCS 6000 Series User Manual
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Routing
Configuration
Guide
for
Cisco
NCS
6000
Series
Routers,
IOS
XR
Release
6.4.x
First
Published:
2018-03-01
Americas
Headquarters
Cisco
Systems,
Inc.
170
W
est
T
asman
Drive
San
Jose,
CA
95134-1706
USA
http://www
.cisco.com
T
el:
408
526-4000
800
553-NETS
(6387)
Fax:
408
527-0883
2
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
3
Chapter 1
23
New and Changed Routing Features
23
Implementing BGP
25
CHAPTER 2 Information about Implementing BGP
26
BGP Default Limits
27
Next Hop as the Ipv6 Address of Peering Interface
28
Scoped Ipv4 Table Walk
29
Byte Autonomous System Number Format
30
Neighbor Submode
31
Template Inheritance Rules
33
Viewing Inherited Configurations
37
No Default Address Family
41
Routing Policy Enforcement
42
Table Policy
43
BGP Cost Community
44
Cost Community Support for Aggregate Routes and Multipaths
45
Influencing Route Preference in a Multiexit IGP Network
46
Adding Routes to the Routing Information Base
47
Comparing Pairs of Paths
48
Order of Comparisons
50
Administrative Distance
51
Route Dampening
52
Minimizing Flapping
53
Remotely Triggered Blackhole Filtering with RPL Next-Hop Discard Configuration
56
Verification
58
Default Address Family for Show Commands
59
BGP Best-External Path
61
BGP Additional Paths
62
BGP Local Label Retention
62
BGP Selective Multipath
63
Accumulated Interior Gateway Protocol Attribute
64
BFD Multihop Support for BGP
65
BGP Multi-Instance and Multi-AS
65
BGP Attribute Filtering
66
BGP Prefix Independent Convergence for RIB and FIB
66
BGP Update Message Error Handling
66
BGP Attribute Filter Actions
67
BGP VRF Dynamic Route Leaking
67
How to Implement BGP
68
Enabling BGP Routing
68
Configuring Multiple BGP Instances for a Specific Autonomous System
70
Configuring a Routing Domain Confederation for BGP
71
Logging Neighbor Changes
72
Resetting an Ebgp Session Immediately Upon Link Failure
72
Adjusting BGP Timers
73
Changing the BGP Default Local Preference Value
74
Configuring the MED Metric for BGP
74
Configuring BGP Weights
75
Tuning the BGP Best-Path Calculation
76
Indicating BGP Back-Door Routes
77
Configuring Aggregate Addresses
78
Redistributing Ibgp Routes into IGP
79
Redistributing Prefixes into Multiprotocol BGP
80
Applying Policy When Updating the Routing Table
82
Configuring BGP Route Dampening
82
Setting BGP Administrative Distance
83
Configuring a BGP Neighbor Group and Neighbors
84
Configuring a Route Reflector for BGP
86
Configuring BGP Route Filtering by Route Policy
88
Configuring BGP Attribute Filtering
89
Configuring BGP Next-Hop Trigger Delay
90
Disabling Next-Hop Processing on BGP Updates
91
Configuring BGP Community and Extended-Community Advertisements
92
Configuring the BGP Cost Community
94
Configuring Software to Store Updates from a Neighbor
96
Configuring Keychains for BGP
98
Disabling a BGP Neighbor
99
Resetting Neighbors Using BGP Inbound Soft Reset
99
Resetting Neighbors Using BGP Outbound Soft Reset
100
Clearing Caches, Tables, and Databases
101
Resetting Neighbors Using BGP Hard Reset
101
Displaying System and Network Statistics
102
Displaying BGP Process Information
104
Monitoring BGP Update Groups
105
Configuring BGP Nonstop Routing
106
Disable BGP Nonstop Routing
106
Re-Enable BGP Nonstop Routing
106
Configuring BGP Additional Paths
107
Originating Prefixes with Aigp
109
Configuring VRF Dynamic Route Leaking
110
Configuration Examples for Implementing BGP
111
Enabling BGP: Example
111
BGP Neighbor Configuration: Example
113
Displaying BGP Update Groups: Example
113
BGP Confederation: Example
114
BGP Nonstop Routing Configuration: Example
116
BGP Route Reflector: Example
116
Originating Prefixes with Aigp: Example
116
Primary Backup Path Installation: Example
116
VRF Dynamic Route Leaking Configuration: Example
117
Flow-Tag Propagation
117
Restrictions for Flow-Tag Propagation
117
Configuring Destination-Based Flow-Tag Propagation
118
Additional References
121
CHAPTER 3 Implementing BGP Flowspec
125
Where to Go Next
121
BGP Flow Specification
125
BGP Flowspec Conceptual Architecture
126
Limitations
126
Flow Specifications
127
Information about Implementing BGP Flowspec
127
Supported Matching Criteria and Actions
127
Traffic Filtering Actions
131
BGP Flowspec Client-Server (Controller) Model and Configuration with Epbr
132
Configuring BGP Flowspec with Epbr
134
Enable BGP Flowspec
134
Configure a Class Map
135
Configure a Policy Map
137
Link BGP Flowspec to Epbr Policies
138
Verify BGP Flowspec
140
Preserving Redirect Nexthop
142
Disabling BGP Flowspec
143
Validate BGP Flowspec
143
Disable Flowspec Redirect and Validation
144
Configuration Examples for Implementing BGP Flowspec
145
Flowspec Rule Configuration
145
Additional References for BGP Flowspec
147
Drop Packet Length
147
Remark DSCP
147
CHAPTER 4 Implementing BFD
149
Prerequisites for Implementing BFD
149
Restrictions for Implementing BFD
150
Information about BFD
151
BFD Modes of Operation
151
Differences in BFD in Cisco IOS XR Software and Cisco IOS Software
151
BFD Packet Information
152
BFD Source and Destination Ports
152
BFD Packet Intervals and Failure Detection
153
Priority Settings for BFD Packets
157
BFD for Ipv4
157
Enabling BFD on a Static Route
158
BFD for Ipv6
159
BFD on Bundled Vlans
159
BFD over Member Links on Link Bundles
160
Overview of BFD State Change Behavior on Member Links and Bundle Status
160
BFD for Multihop Paths
162
BFD Ipv6 Multihop
162
Setting up BFD Multihop
162
BFD Object Tracking
163
BFD over MPLS Traffic Engineering Lsps
163
How to Configure BFD
164
BFD Configuration Guidelines
164
Configuring BFD under a Dynamic Routing Protocol or Using a Static Route
164
Enabling BFD on a BGP Neighbor
164
Enabling BFD for OSPF on an Interface
166
Enabling BFD for Ospfv3 on an Interface
167
Configuring BFD on Bundle Member Links
169
Prerequisites for Configuring BFD on Bundle Menmber Links
169
Specifying the BFD Destination Address on a Bundle
169
Configuring the Minimum Thresholds for Maintaining an Active Bundle
170
Enabling BFD Sessions on Bundle Members
170
Configuring BFD Packet Transmission Intervals and Failure Detection Times on a Bundle
171
Configuring Allowable Delays for BFD State Change Notifications Using Timers on a Bundle
173
Enabling Echo Mode to Test the Forwarding Path to a BFD Peer
174
Overriding the Default Echo Packet Source Address
174
Specifying the Echo Packet Source Address Globally for BFD
174
Specifying the Echo Packet Source Address on an Individual Interface or Bundle
175
Configuring BFD Session Teardown Based on Echo Latency Detection
176
Delaying BFD Session Startup until Verification of Echo Path and Latency
176
Disabling Echo Mode
178
Disabling Echo Mode on a Router
178
Disabling Echo Mode on an Individual Interface
179
Minimizing BFD Session Flapping Using BFD Dampening
179
Enabling and Disabling Ipv6 Checksum Calculations for BFD on a Router
180
Enabling and Disabling Ipv6 Checksum Support
180
Bundle
181
Enabling and Disabling Ipv6 Checksum Calculations for BFD on an Individual Interface or Bundle
181
Clearing and Displaying BFD Counters
182
Configuring BFD over MPLS Traffic Engineering Lsps
182
Enabling BFD Parameters for BFD over te Tunnels
182
Configuring BFD Bring up Timeout
184
Configuring BFD Dampening for te Tunnels
184
Configuring Periodic LSP Ping Requests
186
Configuring BFD at the Tail End
187
Configuring BFD over LSP Sessions on Line Cards
187
Configuring BFD Object Tracking
188
Configuration Examples for Configuring BFD
189
BFD over BGP: Example
189
BFD over OSPF: Examples
189
BFD on Bundled Vlans: Example
190
BFD over Bridge Group Virtual Interface: Example
190
BFD over Static Routes: Examples
190
BFD on Bundle Member Links: Examples
192
Echo Latency Detection: Examples
194
Echo Packet Source Address: Examples
194
BFD Echo Mode Disable: Examples
195
Echo Startup Validation: Examples
195
BFD Dampening: Examples
196
BFD Ipv6 Checksum: Examples
196
BFD over MPLS te Lsps: Examples
197
BFD over MPLS te Tunnel Head-End Configuration: Example
197
BFD Peers on Routers Running Cisco IOS and Cisco IOS XR Software: Example
197
BFD over MPLS te Tunnel Tail-End Configuration: Example
198
Additional References
198
Related Documents
198
Standards
198
Mibs
199
Rfcs
199
Technical Assistance
199
CHAPTER 5 Implementing EIGRP
201
Where to Go Next
198
Prerequisites for Implementing EIGRP
201
Information about Implementing EIGRP
202
EIGRP Features
202
EIGRP Functional Overview
202
EIGRP Components
203
EIGRP Configuration Grouping
204
EIGRP Configuration Modes
204
EIGRP Interfaces
204
Metric Weights for EIGRP Routing
205
Mismatched K Values
205
Redistribution for an EIGRP Process
205
Floating Summary Routes for an EIGRP Process
206
Goodbye Message
206
Percentage of Link Bandwidth Used for EIGRP Packets
206
Adjustment of Hello Interval and Hold Time for an EIGRP Process
208
Split Horizon for an EIGRP Process
208
Stub Routing for an EIGRP Process
209
Route Policy Options for an EIGRP Process
210
EIGRP V4/V6 Authentication Using Keychain
211
Restrictions for Implementing EIGRP
202
How to Implement EIGRP
211
Enabling EIGRP Routing
211
Configuring Route Summarization for an EIGRP Process
213
Redistributing Routes for EIGRP
214
Creating a Route Policy and Attaching It to an EIGRP Process
216
Configuring Stub Routing for an EIGRP Process
217
Monitoring EIGRP Routing
218
Configuration Examples for Implementing EIGRP
220
Configuring an EIGRP Stub Operation: Example
221
CHAPTER 6 Prerequisites for Implementing IS-IS
223
IS-IS Functional Overview
224
IS-IS Configuration Grouping
225
IS-IS Interfaces
226
Flood Blocking on Specific Interfaces
227
IS-IS Authentication
228
Multi-Instance IS-IS
229
Multiprotocol Label Switching Traffic Engineering
230
Attached Bit on an IS-IS Instance
231
Default Routes
231
IS-IS Support for Route Tags
231
Label Distribution Protocol IGP Auto-Configuration
232
MPLS Label Distribution Protocol IGP Synchronization
232
MPLS LDP-IGP Synchronization Compatibility with IGP Nonstop Forwarding
232
MPLS LDP-IGP Synchronization Compatibility with LDP Graceful Restart
232
IP Fast Reroute
233
IS-IS over GRE Interfaces
233
MPLS te Forwarding Adjacency
233
MPLS te Interarea Tunnels
233
Enabling IS-IS and Configuring Level 1 or Level 2 Routing
234
Unequal Cost Multipath Load-Balancing for IS-IS
234
Configuring Single Topology for IS-IS
236
Controlling LSP Flooding for IS-IS
240
Configuring Nonstop Forwarding for IS-IS
243
Configuring Authentication for IS-IS
245
Configuring Keychains for IS-IS
246
Configuring MPLS Traffic Engineering for IS-IS
247
Tuning Adjacencies for IS-IS
249
Setting SPF Interval for a Single-Topology Ipv4 and Ipv6 Configuration
252
Customizing Routes for IS-IS
253
Configuring MPLS LDP IS-IS Synchronization
256
Tagging IS-IS Interface Routes
257
Setting the Priority for Adding Prefixes to the RIB
258
Configuring IP Fast Reroute Loop-Free Alternate
259
Configure Remote Loop-Free Alternate Paths for IS-IS
260
Configuring IS-IS Overload Bit Avoidance
269
ISIS Link Group
270
Configure Link Group Profile
270
Configure Link Group Interface
272
Configuration Examples for Implementing IS-IS
274
Configuring Multitopology IS-IS for Ipv6: Example
274
Configuring Single-Topology IS-IS for Ipv6: Example
274
Redistributing IS-IS Routes between Multiple Instances: Example
275
Configuring IS-IS Overload Bit Avoidance: Example
276
Chapter 7
279
Prerequisites for Implementing OSPF
279
Information about Implementing OSPF
280
Key Features Supported in the Cisco IOS XR Software OSPF Implementation
281
Comparison of Cisco IOS XR Software Ospfv3 and Ospfv2
282
OSPF Routing Components
283
Areas
284
OSPF Process and Router ID
285
Supported OSPF Network Types
286
Key Rollover
287
Link-State Advertisement Types for OSPF Version 2
288
Virtual Link and Transit Area for OSPF
290
OSPF SPF Prefix Prioritization
291
Route Redistribution for OSPF
292
Nonstop Forwarding for OSPF Version 2
293
Graceful Shutdown for Ospfv3
294
Graceful Restart Requirements and Restrictions
296
Warm Standby and Nonstop Routing for OSPF Version 2
297
Multi-Area Adjacency for OSPF Version 2
298
Label Distribution Protocol IGP Auto-Configuration for OSPF
299
OSPF Queue Tuning Parameters
300
Management Information Base (MIB) for Ospfv3
301
How to Implement OSPF
302
Configuring Stub and Not-So-Stubby Area Types
304
Configuring Neighbors for Nonbroadcast Networks
306
Configuring Authentication at Different Hierarchical Levels for OSPF Version 2
310
Controlling the Frequency that the same LSA Is Originated or Accepted for OSPF
313
Creating a Virtual Link with MD5 Authentication to Area 0 for OSPF
314
Examples
317
Redistribute Routes into OSPF
319
Configuring OSPF Shortest Path First Throttling
321
Examples
323
Configuring OSPF Version 2 for MPLS Traffic Engineering
325
Examples
327
Configuring Ospfv3 Graceful Restart
329
Displaying Information about Graceful Restart
330
Enabling Nonstop Routing for Ospfv2
331
Enabling Nonstop Routing for Ospfv3
332
Configuring Multi-Area Adjacency
334
Configuring Label Distribution Protocol IGP Auto-Configuration for OSPF
335
Configuring LDP IGP Synchronization: OSPF
336
Configuring Authentication Message Digest Management for OSPF
337
Examples
338
Configuring Generalized TTL Security Mechanism (GTSM) for OSPF
339
Examples
341
Configuring OSPF Queue Tuning Parameters
343
Configuring IP Fast Reroute Loop-Free Alternate
344
Excluding an Interface from IP Fast Reroute Per-Link Computation
345
Enabling OSPF Interaction with SRMS Server
346
Configure Remote Loop-Free Alternate Paths for OSPF
348
Configuration Examples for Implementing OSPF
356
CLI Inheritance and Precedence for OSPF Version 2: Example
357
MPLS te for OSPF Version 2: Example
358
ABR with Summarization for Ospfv3: Example
359
Route Redistribution for Ospfv3: Example
361
OSPF Queue Tuning Parameters Configuration: Example
362
Implementing IP Fast Reroute Loop-Free Alternate
367
Chapter 8
367
Prerequisites for Ipv4/Ipv6 Loop-Free Alternate Fast Reroute
367
IS-IS and IP FRR
368
Repair Paths
368
Interaction between RIB and Routing Protocols
369
LFA Calculation
369
LFA Overview
369
Configuring Fast Reroute Support
370
Additional References
372
Configuring Ipv4 Loop-Free Alternate Fast Reroute Support: Example
372
Implementing and Monitoring Rib
375
CHAPTER 9 Prerequisites for Implementing RIB
375
Information about RIB Configuration
376
RIB Support for Ipv4
377
IP Fast Reroute
378
How to Deploy and Monitor RIB
379
Disabling RIB Next-Hop Dampening
380
Configuring RCC and LCC
381
Configuration Examples for RIB Monitoring
382
Output of Show Route Backup Command: Example
383
Output of Show Route Longer-Prefixes Command: Example
384
Additional References
385
Chapter 10
387
Prerequisites for Implementing RIP
387
Information about Implementing RIP
388
Split Horizon for RIP
389
Default Administrative Distances for RIP
390
Routing Policy Options for RIP
391
In-Bound RIP Traffic on an Interface
392
How to Implement RIP
393
Customizing RIP
394
Control Routing Information
396
Creating a Route Policy for RIP
398
Configuration Examples for Implementing RIP
399
Configuring Route Policies for RIP: Example
400
Controlling RIP Routes: Example
401
Chapter 11
403
Prerequisites for Implementing Routing Policy
403
Restrictions for Implementing Routing Policy
404
Routing Policy Language Structure
405
Routing Policy Language Components
413
Routing Policy Language Usage
414
Routing Policy Configuration Basics
416
Parameterization
417
Parameterization at Attach Points
418
Semantics of Policy Application
419
When Attributes Are Modified
420
Default Drop Disposition
421
Policy Verification
422
Policy Statements
423
Disposition
424
Action
426
Boolean Conditions
427
Apply
428
Attach Points
429
OSPF Policy Attach Points
452
Ospfv3 Policy Attach Points
455
IS-IS Policy Attach Points
457
EIGRP Policy Attach Points
459
RIP Policy Attach Points
463
Attached Policy Modification
464
Nonattached Policy Modification
465
Hierarchical Policy Conditions
467
Nested Wildcard Apply Policy
470
Wildcards for Route Policy Sets
471
VRF Import Policy Enhancement
475
Defining a Route Policy
476
Modifying a Routing Policy Using a Text Editor
477
Configuration Examples for Implementing Routing Policy
479
Modular Inbound Policy: Example
480
Use Wildcards for Routing Policy Sets
481
Translating Cisco IOS Route Maps to Cisco IOS XR Routing Policy Language: Example
485
VRF Import Policy Configuration: Example
486
Chapter 12
489
Prerequisites for Implementing Static Routes
489
Information about Implementing Static Routes
490
Recursive Static Routes
491
Floating Static Routes
492
Configuring a Floating Static Route: Example
493
Route Convergence Monitoring and Diagnostics
495
Configuring Route Convergence Monitoring and Diagnostics
496
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Cisco NCS 6000 Series Specifications
General
Brand
Cisco
Model
NCS 6000 Series
Category
Network Router
Language
English
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