Toyota 14b User Manual

ENGINE
MECHANICAL
_
s
(B,
The B,
38, 118
&
14B
engines
are
in-line
4-
cylinder engines
with
the cylinders
numbered
1-2-
3-4
from
the front. The
crankshaft
is
supported
by
5 bearings
inside
the crankcase.
These
bearings
are made
of aluminum
alloy.
The
crankshaft is
integrated
with
8
weights
which
are
cast with
it for
balancing.
Oil
holes
are
made
in the
center
of the crankshaft
to
supply oil to
the
connecting rods,
bearings,
pistons
and
other
components.
The ignition
order
is
1-3-4-2. The
cylinder head
is
made
of cast iron, with
a
cross
flow
type
intake
and
exhaust layout.
The
combustion
chambers
are
swirl chamber
type for
the B and
38 engines
and
direct injection
type for
the 11B
and 148
engines.
An intake
shutter
is installed in
the
intake
manifold to reduce intake noise.
Each
intake
and exhaust
valve is
equipped with
an inner
and
outer
spring made
of special valve
spring
carbon
steel, capable
of
following
no
matter
what
the
engine
speed.
The
cam
shaft is driven
by a timing
gear.
The
cam
journal
is
supported
at
5
places
between
the
valve lifters
of each
cylinder and
at the front
and
rear
ends of the
cylinder
block. Lubrication
of the
cam and
the
cam
journal
is
performed
by oil
supplied
through
the oiler
port
in
each
journal
of
the
cylinder
block.
The valve
lifter is
turned
by the roller
lifter for
reduced
friction
and
abrasion.
Adjustment of the
vlave clearance
is
done by
means
of an
adjusting screw on the
rocker arm.
The timing
gear
cover
is made of aluminum
alloy.
For
the
BU
and
BB
series,
the
power
steering
pump
is
attached
to timing
gear
cover.
Pistons are made of
highly
temperature-resistant
aluminum alloy.
As
the
11B and
148
engines
are
the
direct injection type,
a deep combustion
chamber
has been
provided.
The No. 1
piston
ring
groove
has been strengthened
using a ceramic
fiber
alloy.
Piston
pins
are the
full-floating type,
with the
pins
fastened
to
neither the connecting
rods
nor
the
piston
boss, but
with
a snap
ring fitted to both
ends of each
pin
to
prevent
it
slipping out.
The No. 1 compression
ring is made of steel and
the No.2 compression
ring is
made
of cast
iron. The
oil
ring is
made of a combination
of steel
and
stainless steel.
The outer diameter of
each
piston
ring is
slightly
larger
than
the diameter of the
piston
and the flexibility of the
rings allows them
to
hug the cylinder
walls when they are
mounted on
the
piston.
Compression
rings
No.1
and
No.2
work
to
prevent
the leakage of
gas
from the cylinder
and
oil
ring
works
to scrape oil
off the cylinder
walls to
prevent
it from
entering
the combustion chambers.
The
cylinder
block is made
of cast iron.
lt has
4
cylinders which
are
approximately 2
times
the
length
of the
piston
stroke.
The
top
of the cylinders
is
closed
off by the cylinder
head and
the lower
end
of the cylinders
becomes
the crankcase,
in which
the crankshaft is installed.
ln
addition,
the cylinder
block
contains
a
water
jacket,
through which
cool-
ant is
pumped
to
cool the cylinders.
The
oil
pan
is
bolted onto
the bottom
of the
cylinder block. The
oil
pan
is
an
oil
reservoir
made
of
pressed
steel sheet. A dividing
plate
is included
inside
the
oil
pan
to keep
sufficient
oil in the
bottom
of the
pan
even when
the vehicle is
tilted.
This
dividing
plate
also allows
the
oil
pump
to
maintain
the
oil supply when
the vehicle
stops
suddenly and
the oil forms waves.

Toyota 14b Specifications

General

Brand	Toyota
Model	14b
Category	Engine
Language	English