System overview
AirX, AirModule E 9/15, Airbox E/S – 6 720 810 266 (2014/10)
4
3 System overview
The heating system consists of two parts: the heat pump, which is
installed outdoors, and the heat pump module with or without integrated
hot water cylinder, which is installed indoors (AirModule and Airbox E).
Installation may be done using an external heat source, and the
supplemental heat source will then consist of an existing electric/gas/oil
boiler (Airbox S).
The most common heating systems are consistent with one of these
alternatives, however the system flexibility makes other combinations
possible.
3.1 Description of the functions
In a house with water based heating a difference is made between
heating water and domestic hot water (DHW). The heating water is for
radiators and floor coils and hot water is for showers and taps.
If there is a DHW cylinder in the system, the user interface will make sure
the heating of DHW is prioritised before heating of heating water for
optimised comfort.
3.1.1 Heat pump (outdoor unit)
The task of the heat pump is to retrieve energy from the outside air and
transfer it to the heat pump module.
The heat pump is inverter operated, which means that it will
automatically change the compressor speed to deliver the exact amount
of energy required at the moment. The fan is also RPM controlled and will
change its speed as needed. This provides the lowest possible energy
consumption.
Defrosting
Ice might form on the evaporator during lower outside temperatures. In
case there is enough ice to inhibit the air flow through the evaporator, an
automatic defrosting will start. As soon as the ice is gone, the heat pump
returns to its normal operation.
If the outside temperature is above +5°C the defrosting will be
performed alongside continued heat production, however if the
temperature is lower, the defrosting is done by ways of a 4-way valve
turning the heat medium direction in the circuit so that the hot gas from
the compressor melts away the ice.
Function principle
The heat production principle:
• The fan sucks up air through the evaporator.
• The energy in the air makes the refrigerant boil. The resulting gas is
drawn into the compressor.
• In the compressor, the pressure of the refrigerant is increased, and
the temperature rises. The hot gas is pushed into the condenser.
• In the condenser, the energy is transferred from the gas to water in the
heat transfer circuit. The gas is cooled down and turns into liquid.
• The pressure on the refrigerant is decreased and transferred back to
the evaporator. When the refrigerant passes the evaporator, it turns
back into gas.
• In the heat pump module, the energy is transferred from the heat
transfer circuit to the house heating system and hot water cylinder.
3.1.2 Heat pump module (indoor unit)
The heat pump module task is to distribute the heat from the heat pump
to the heating system and the hot water cylinder. The circulation pump
in the heat pump module is RPM controlled, and will automatically
decrease in speed when demand is low. This decreases energy
consumption.
When the heating demand is higher during cold outdoor temperatures,
an additional heat source - a booster - may be required. This booster
heater is either integrated or external, an its on/off is controlled by the
user interface in the heat pump module. Please note that when the heat
pump is running, the booster heater will only provide the heating output
that the heat pump cannot produce itself. When the heat pump is able to
provide all the heating needed, the booster is automatically turned off.
The heat pump stops around – 20 °C; heating and DHW
production is then taken over by the heat pump module
or a external heat source.
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