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HP HP-15C User Manual

HP HP-15C
288 pages
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Section 3: The Memory Stack, LAST X, and Data Storage 39
T
y
y
y
y
Z
y
x
y
x
Y
x
13
x
65
X
13
5
65
4
Keys:
5
*
4
T
y
y
y
y
Z
x
y
x
y
Y
65
x
69
x
X
4
69
3
207
Keys:
+
3
*
Arithmetic Calculations With Constants
There are three ways (without using a storage register) to manipulate the
memory stack to perform repeated calculations with a constant:
1.
Use the LAST X register.
2.
Load the stack with a constant and operate upon different
numbers. (Clear the X-register every time you want to change
the number operated upon)
3.
Load the stack with a constant and operate upon an
accumulating number. (Do not change the number in the X-
register.)
LAST X. Use your constant in the X-register (that is, enter it second) so
that it always will be saved in the LAST X register. Pressing |K will
retrieve the constant and place it into the X-register (the display). This can
be done repeatedly.

Table of Contents

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HP HP-15C Specifications

General IconGeneral
TypeScientific Calculator
ProgrammingYes, keystroke programming
DisplayLCD
FunctionsOver 130 functions
ManufacturerHewlett-Packard

Summary

Introduction

Part I HP-15C Fundamentals

Section 1 Getting Started

Basic operations and setup for using the calculator.

Keyboard Operation

Explains how calculator keys function and are accessed.

Prefix Keys

Details the use of prefix keys for alternate functions.

Section 2 Numeric Functions

Number Alteration Functions

Explains functions that modify numbers in the display.

General Functions

Covers basic mathematical functions like reciprocal and factorial.

Trigonometric Operations

Trigonometric Modes

Sets the mode for trigonometric calculations (degrees, radians, grads).

Logarithmic Functions

Two-Number Functions

The Power Function

Explains how to calculate y raised to the power of x.

Percentages

Polar and Rectangular Coordinate Conversions

Covers conversions between polar and rectangular coordinate systems.

Section 3 The Automatic Memory Stack, LAST X, and Data Storage

The Automatic Memory Stack and Stack Manipulation

Explains the RPN stack and how operations affect it.

Stack Manipulation Functions

Details functions like ENTER, CLx, etc., and their stack effects.

The LAST X Register and K

Explains the function and use of the LAST X register.

Arithmetic Calculations With Constants

Describes methods for performing repeated calculations with constants.

Storage Register Operations

Storing and Recalling Numbers

Explains how to store and recall data in registers.

Storage and Recall Arithmetic

Describes performing arithmetic operations directly with storage registers.

Section 4 Statistics Functions

Probability Calculations

Covers permutations and combinations calculations.

Random Number Generator

Explains how to generate random numbers and set seeds.

Accumulating Statistics

Details how to enter data and accumulate statistical values.

Mean

Explains how to compute the arithmetic mean of data.

Standard Deviation

Linear Regression

Describes finding the best-fit line for data pairs.

Section 5 The Display and Continuous Memory

Display Control

Explains how to set display formats (FIX, SCI, ENG).

Scientific Notation Display

Details how to set and use scientific notation format.

Mantissa Display

Explains how to view the full 10-digit mantissa of a number.

Continuous Memory

Explains what data is retained when the calculator is turned off.

Resetting Continuous Memory

Part II HP-15C Programming

Section 6 Programming Basics

Explains the fundamental process of recording keystrokes for programs.

Creating a Program

Explains the fundamental process of recording keystrokes for programs.

Location in Program Memory

Describes how programs are stored and addressed by line numbers.

Running a Program

Details how to start and manage program execution.

How to Enter Data

Program Memory

Discusses the calculator's program memory capacity and bytes.

Program Instructions

Details how individual keystrokes are stored as program instructions.

Memory Configuration

Initial Memory Configuration

Outlines the default memory allocation between data and program space.

Unexpected Program Stops

Covers how to handle errors or unexpected halts during program execution.

User Mode

Explains how to switch key functions to save keystrokes.

Section 7 Program Editing

Moving to a Line in Program Memory

Explains how to navigate within program memory.

Deleting Program Lines

Describes how to remove instructions from a program.

Single-Step Operations

Details how to execute a program instruction by instruction.

Section 8 Program Branching and Controls

Branching

Explains unconditional transfers of program execution.

Conditional Tests

Details how to alter program flow based on conditions.

Flags

Explains how to set, clear, and test flags for conditional logic.

Example: Branching and Looping

Demonstrates program logic with branching and loop structures.

Example: Flags

Go to

Looping

Section 9 Subroutines

Go To Subroutine and Return

Explains how to call and return from subroutines to save memory.

Subroutine Limits

Details the limitations on nesting subroutines.

Example: Nesting

Demonstrates subroutine calls within other subroutines.

The Subroutine Return

Explains how the RTN instruction returns control to the calling routine.

Section 10 The Index Register and Loop Control

Direct Versus Indirect Data Storage With the Index Register

Explains how the Index Register is used for direct and indirect addressing.

Program Loop Control

Details how to use registers for loop counting and control.

Indirect Branching With V

Explains how to branch or call subroutines indirectly using the Index Register.

Loop Control With Counters: ISG and DSE

Describes instructions for controlling loops with counter values.

Part III HP-15C Advanced Functions

Section 11 Calculating With Complex Numbers

Explains the dual stack system and activation of Complex mode.

Entering Complex Numbers

Details the process of inputting complex numbers into the calculator.

Changing Signs

Explains how to change the sign of real or imaginary parts of complex numbers.

Clearing a Complex Number

Describes methods for clearing real or imaginary parts of complex numbers.

Storing and Recalling Complex Numbers

Operations With Complex Numbers

Explains how standard operations work with complex numbers.

One-Number Functions

Covers functions that operate on complex numbers in the X-register.

Conditional Tests

Explains how conditional tests apply to complex numbers.

Polar and Rectangular Coordinate Conversions

Polar and Rectangular Coordinate Conversions

Details interconversion between polar and rectangular forms of complex numbers.

Section 12 Calculating With Matrices

Dimensioning a Matrix

Details the process of defining a matrix's size.

Storing and Recalling Matrix Elements

Explains sequential storage/recall using R0/R1 registers.

Checking and Changing Matrix Elements Individually

Covers accessing and modifying specific matrix elements.

Matrix Descriptors

Explains how matrix names and dimensions are represented and used.

Matrix Operations

The Result Matrix

Defines the matrix where operation results are stored.

Copying a Matrix

One-Matrix Operations

Covers operations applied to a single matrix.

One-Matrix Operations: Sign Change, Inverse, Transpose, Norms, Determinant

Scalar Operations

Scalar Operations

Explains arithmetic operations between a scalar and a matrix.

Matrix Multiplication

Solving the Equation AX = B

Calculating the Residual

Using Matrices in LU Form

Calculations With Complex Matrices

Storing the Elements of a Complex Matrix

Details representing complex matrices using partitioned real matrices.

The Complex Transformations Between ZP and Z

Inverting a Complex Matrix

Multiplying Complex Matrices

Solving the Complex Equation AX = B

Miscellaneous Operations Involving Matrices

Using a Matrix Element With Register Operations

Describes using registers with matrix operations.

Using Matrix Descriptors in the Index Register

Explains how the Index Register can refer to matrices.

Conditional Tests on Matrix Descriptors

Summary of Matrix Functions

Section 13 Finding the Roots of an Equation

Using SOLVE

Introduces the SOLVE function for finding equation roots.

The basic rules for using SOLVE are

Outlines the fundamental steps and requirements for using SOLVE.

When No Root Is Found

Demonstrates the calculator's response when no root exists.

Choosing Initial Estimates

Provides guidance on selecting effective starting points for root finding.

Using SOLVE in a Program

Restriction on the Use of SOLVE

Section 14 Numerical Integration

Using Integrate

Introduces the f function for calculating definite integrals.

Example: Certain problems in physics and engineering require calculating Bessel functions

Illustrates numerical integration with a Bessel function example.

Now, in Run mode key the lower limit...

Details entering limits and setting modes for integration.

Before calling the subroutine...

Explains preparing subroutines for the f function.

Accuracy of f

Accuracy, Uncertainty, and Calculation Time

Discusses factors affecting integral accuracy and calculation duration.

Using f in a Program

Memory Requirements

Appendix A Error Conditions

Error 0: Improper Mathematics Operation

Lists math operations that cause an error due to invalid arguments.

Error 1: Improper Matrix Operation

Details errors related to applying non-matrix operations to matrices.

Error 2: Improper Statistics Operation

Lists errors related to statistics calculations.

Error 5: Subroutine Level Too Deep

Explains the error for exceeding the maximum subroutine nesting depth.

Appendix B Stack Lift and the LAST X Register

Digit Entry Termination

Explains which operations signal the end of digit entry.

Disabling Operations

Lists operations that prevent stack lift.

Neutral Operations

Covers operations that do not affect stack lift status.

Appendix C Memory Allocation

The Memory Space

Describes the calculator's memory pools and register allocation.

Memory Reallocation

Explains how to reallocate memory between data storage and common pools.

Restrictions on Reallocation

Details limitations on changing memory allocation.

Program Memory

Discusses program memory capacity and automatic reallocation.

Memory Requirements for the Advanced Functions

Appendix D A Detailed Look at SOLVE

How SOLVE Works

Explains the iterative algorithm used by the SOLVE function.

Accuracy of the Root

Discusses the precision and potential inconsistencies in SOLVE results.

Interpreting Results

Guides the user on understanding SOLVE output in registers X, Y, and Z.

Finding Several Roots

Describes methods for locating multiple roots of an equation.

Limiting the Estimation Time

Appendix E A Detailed Look at f

How f Works

Explains the algorithm used by the f function for numerical integration.

Accuracy, Uncertainty, and Calculation Time

Discusses factors affecting integral accuracy and calculation duration.

Conditions That Could Cause Incorrect Results

Identifies function behaviors that might lead to inaccurate integration results.

Conditions That Prolong Calculation Time

Explains factors like interval width and function behavior that affect calculation time.

Obtaining the Current Approximation to an Integral

Appendix F Batteries

Batteries

Provides information on the calculator's power source.

Low-Power Indication

Explains the battery low indicator.

Installing New Batteries

Gives instructions for replacing the calculator batteries.

Verifying Proper Operation (Self-Tests)

Verifying Proper Operation (Self-Tests)

Outlines procedures for running diagnostic tests on the calculator.

Function Summary and Index

Function Summary and Index

Provides an overview of calculator functions and their keys.

Programming Summary and Index

Programming Summary and Index

Summarizes programming-related commands and their functions.

Subject Index

Subject Index

Provides an alphabetical listing of topics covered in the manual.

Product Regulatory & Environment Information

Federal Communications Commission Notice

Details FCC compliance information for the device.

European Union Regulatory Notice

Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Household in the European Union

Chemical Substances

Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply

Warns about potential perchlorate in the battery and handling requirements.

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