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Levo Retailer Technical Guide
Glossary
This section provides the definition of some common technical terms used in e-bike systems.
Battery Management System (BMS)
The computer software that monitors the function of the Levo Drive System. The BMS, in conjunction with a fusible link,
prevents damage to the Drive System when any system anomaly is detected.
How it works
The BMS will restrict electric power to the Drive System when the motor and/or battery experience these temperature
conditions:
motor - warm
battery - warm (while riding)
battery - warm (while charging)
battery - cold (while charging)
The BMS will shut-off electric power to the Drive System when the motor and/or battery experience these temperature
conditions:
motor - hot
battery - hot (while riding)
battery - drawing too much current (while riding or charging)
battery - voltage imbalance (while riding or charging)
Capacity (Wh)
The total amount of energy a battery can store. A Watt-hour is the measure of electrical energy capacity that relates power and
time. For example: a battery listed as 460 Wh capacity means that when it is drained from 100% SoC to 0% in one hour, it will
supply 460 W of power. Similarly, a 504 Wh battery will supply 504 W in one hour.
A battery with a larger capacity will provide:
• Longer range per charge, just like a larger gas tank in a car would provide longer range.
• Longer overall battery life; the larger capacity means fewer charge cycles over the lifetime of the battery.
• Longer charge times, just like a larger gas tank in a car would take longer to fill.
• Higher cost; larger capacity batteries cost more.
The 460 W battery is the OE specification for all Levo models except the Expert and S-Works.
The 504 W battery is the OE specification for the Expert and S-Works Levo models. It is also available in AM applications and
for warranty.
Charge Cycle
When the battery level is used from 100% charge (full charge) to 0% charge (depletion) then charged from 0% to 100%.
If the battery level is used from 100% to 50% and is then charged back up to 100% this is only a half charge cycle. Note: a
charge cycle is not counted as every time the bike is plugged into the charger.
Drive System
The components of a Turbo bike that make it an electric pedal-assist bicycle. For Levo, the Drive System is comprised of five
components: the motor; battery; motor to battery wiring harness; speed sensor; and speed sensor magnet.
How it works
For the drive system to operate, all five components must be connected and function properly. If any of the components is not
connected or malfunctions the system will not operate.
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