C-B-11 Using DC-operated Relays
(1) Input Power Supply Ripple
For a DC-operated Relay power supply, use a power supply with a
maximum ripple percentage of 5%. An increase in the ripple
percentage will cause humming.
C-B-12 Using DC-operated Relays
(2) Coil Polarity
To make the correct connections, first check the individual terminal
numbers and applied power supply polarities provided in this catalog.
If the polarity is connected in reverse for the coil power supply when
Relays with surge suppressor diodes or Relays with operation
indicators are used, it can cause problems such as Relay
malfunctioning, damage to diodes, or failure of indicators. Also, for
Relays with diodes, it can cause damage to devices in the circuit due
to short-circuiting.
Polarized Relays that use a permanent magnet in a magnetic circuit
will not operate if the power supply to the coil is connected in reverse.
C-B-13 Using DC-operated Relays
(3) Coil Voltage Insufficiency
If insufficient voltage is applied to the coil, either the Relay will not
operate or operation will be unstable. This will cause problems such
as a drop in the electrical durability of the contacts and contact
welding.
In particular, when a load with a large surge current, such as a large
motor, is used, the voltage applied to the coil may drop when a large
inrush current occurs to operate the load as the power is turned ON.
Also, if a Relay is operated while the voltage is insufficient, it will
cause the Relay to malfunction even at vibration and shock values
below the specifications specified in the specification sheets and this
catalog. Therefore, be sure to apply the rated voltage to the coil.
C Mounting Design
C-C-1 Lead Wire Diameters
Lead wire diameters are determined by the size of the load current.
As a standard, use lead wires at least the size of the cross-sectional
areas shown in the following table. If the lead wire is too thin, it may
cause burning due to abnormal heating of the wire.
C-C-2 When Sockets are Used
Check Relay and socket ratings, and use devices at the lower end of
the ratings. Relay and socket rated values may vary, and using
devices at the high end of the ratings can result in abnormal heating
and burning at connections.
C-C-3 Mounting Direction
Depending on the model, a particular mounting direction may be
specified. Check this catalog and then mount the device in the
correct direction.
C-C-4 When Devices Such as Microcomputers are in
Proximity
If a device that is susceptible to external noise, such as a
microcomputer, is located nearby, take noise countermeasures into
consideration when designing the pattern and circuits. If Relays are
driven using a device such as a microcomputer, and a large current
is switched by Relay contacts, noise generated by arcing can cause
the microcomputer to malfunction.
D Operating and Storage
Environments
D-1 Operating, Storage, and Transport
During operation, storage, and transport, avoid direct sunlight and
maintain room temperature, humidity, and pressure.
• If Relays are used or stored for a long period of time in an
atmosphere of high temperature and humidity, oxidation and
sulphurization films will form on contact surfaces, causing problems
such as contact failure.
• If the ambient temperature is suddenly changed in an atmosphere
of high temperature and humidity, condensation will develop inside
of the Relay. This condensation may cause insulation failure and
deterioration of insulation due to tracking (an electric phenomenon)
on the surface of the insulation material.
Also, in an atmosphere of high humidity, with load switching
accompanied by a comparatively large arc discharge, a dark green
corrosive product may be generated inside of the Relay. To prevent
this, it is recommended that Relays be used in at low humidity.
• If Relays are to be used after having been stored for a long period,
first inspect the power transmission before use. Even if Relays are
stored without being used at all, contact instability and obstruction
may occur due to factors such as chemical changes to contact
surfaces, and terminal soldering characteristics may be degraded.
D-2 Operating Atmosphere
• Do not use Relays in an atmosphere containing flammable or
explosive gas. Arcs and heating resulting from Relay switching may
cause fire or explosion.
• Do not use Relays in an atmosphere containing dust. The dust will
get inside the Relays and cause contact failure.
-3 Using Relays in an Atmosphere Containing
Corrosive Gas (Silicon, Sulfuric, or Organic Gas)
Do not use Relays in a location where silicon gas, sulfuric gas (SO2
or H2S), or organic gas is present.
If Relays are stored or used for a long period of time in an
atmosphere of sulfuric gas or organic gas, contact surfaces may
become corroded and cause contact instability and obstruction, and
terminal soldering characteristics may be degraded.
Also, if Relays are stored or used for a long period of time in an
atmosphere of silicon gas, a silicon film will form on contact surfaces,
causing contact failure.
The effects of corrosive gas can be reduced by the processing
shown in the following table.
Permissible current (A) Cross-sectional area (mm
2
)
60.75
10 1.25
15 2
20 3.5
Relay
Smoothing
capacitor
DC component
Ripple component
EmeanEmaxEmin
E max.= Maximum value of ripple componen
E min.= Minimum value of ripple component
E mean= Mean value of DC component
Ripple percentage %=
Emax−Emin
Emean
× 100%
Item Processing
Outer case, housing Seal structure using packing.
PCB, copper plating Apply coating.
Connectors Apply gold plating or rhodium
plating.
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C-9
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