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HP Guardian User Manual
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Guardian User’
s Guide
—
425266
-001
P
art
I
I.
Managing Files Using the
File
Utility
Program (FUP)
This part of
the gu
ide contains
information
about
using
FUP to
create
and manag
e files
on your Compaq
NonStop
™ Kernel
system:
•
Section
7,
Using
FUP
for Ba
sic File
Management
•
Section
8, Using FUP for
Adv
anced File Management
98
100
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
2
Document History
2
Ordering Information
2
Table of Contents
3
Manual Information
19
New and Changed Information
19
What's New in this Guide
19
About this Guide
21
What's in this Guide
21
Who Should Use this Guide
22
Where else Can You Find Information
23
Your Comments Invited
23
1 Introduction to Guardian System Operations
26
Common Guardian Operations Tasks
26
Table 1-1. Daily Tasks Check List
27
Working with a Daily Check List
27
Your System Might be Protected
27
Automating Routine Monitoring Tasks
28
Example Check List
28
Keys
31
2 Getting Started with TACL
32
Using Tacl as a Command Interpreter
32
Entering Tacl Commands
32
Logging on with Tacl
33
Full Logon
34
Logon Mistakes
34
A Successful Logon
35
Getting Started with TACL (Continued)
36
Logging off with TACL
36
Accessing Other Systems
36
Table 2-1. Sample Remote Passwords
36
Establishing Remote Passwords
37
Starting and Quitting a Remote TACL Process
37
Changing Your Password
38
Logging on with Safeguard
39
The Safeguard Logon Prompt
39
The TIME Command
39
The Safeguard LOGON Command
39
Blind Password Logon
40
Changing an Unexpired Password
40
Changing an Expired Password
41
Logging on to a Remote System
41
Getting TACL Help
42
Displaying User Information
43
Displaying Your Information
43
Displaying Information about Other Users
44
Using Your Command History
45
Listing Your Previous Commands
45
Redisplaying a Selected Previous Command
46
Reexecuting a Previous Command
46
Changing or Correcting a Previous Command
47
3 Managing Files with TACL
51
Introduction to Files in Guardian
52
Types of Disk Files
52
Disk File Names
53
Listing Files and Their Information
55
Listing Subvolume Contents (FILES Command)
55
Searching for Files with Related Names (FILENAMES Command)
56
Getting File Information (FILEINFO Command)
56
Renaming Files
58
Deleting Files
58
Purging Files Using Individual File Names
58
Purging Files Using File-Name Templates
59
Changing Your Default Values
60
File-Name Expansion
60
Changing Your Current Default System, Volume, or Subvolume (VOLUME Command)
60
Changing Your Current Default Node (SYSTEM Command)
61
Changing Your TACL Prompt (SETPROMPT Command)
62
Changing Your Saved Defaults (DEFAULT Program)
63
4 Starting and Controlling Processes with TACL
65
Getting Information about Processes
66
Displaying Process Information (STATUS Command)
66
Displaying Named Process Information (PPD Command)
67
Starting and Controlling a Process
69
Running a Process at a High PIN
70
Your Default Process
70
Interrupting a Process
70
Pausing a Process
71
Stopping a Process
71
Using a Command (OBEY) File
72
Restarting a TACL Process
73
Running Compaq Nonstop™ Kernel Utilities
74
Solving Common System Process Problems
75
Table 4-1. Common System Process Problems
75
5 Defining Function Keys and Writing Macros
77
Defining and Using Your Function Keys
78
Creating a Library File for Your Function Keys
78
Loading Your Function Key Definitions
82
Displaying Your Function Key Definitions
82
Using Your Function Keys
82
Writing TACL Macros
85
Using a Library File
85
Using a File Starting with a ?TACL Directive
87
Customizing Your TACL Environment
88
6 Creating and Using Defines
89
Using a DEFINE
90
DEFINE Names
90
DEFINE Templates
91
DEFINE Classes
91
Enabling and Disabling Defines
94
DEFINE Attributes
95
Initial Attribute Settings
95
Working Attribute Set
96
Attribute Consistency Checks
96
TACL DEFINE Commands
97
Example of Creating and Using a DEFINE
97
Task 1: Ensure Defines Are Enabled
97
Task 2: Create the DEFINE
97
Table 6-1. TACL DEFINE Commands
97
Task 3: Use the Created DEFINE
98
Part II. Managing Files Using the File Utility Program (FUP)
99
7 Using FUP for Basic File Management
101
Who Uses FUP
101
Entering FUP Commands
102
Entering FUP Commands through TACL
102
Entering FUP Commands Interactively through FUP
102
Entering FUP Commands from a Command File
103
Using Defines in FUP Commands
105
Getting Help from FUP
107
Using the Break Key
107
Changing System and Volume Defaults
108
Getting Information about Subvolumes and Files
109
Getting Information about Single Files
110
Getting Information about File Sets
111
Performing Common File Operations
113
Duplicating Files
113
Renaming Files
115
Changing File Security
116
Table 7-1. Levels of File Security
116
Deleting Files
117
Using Your FUP Command History
121
Solving Common File Problems
122
Table 7-2. Common File Problems
122
8 Using FUP for Advanced File Management
123
Creating Files
123
Figure 8-1. Steps for Creating a File with FUP
124
Table 8-1. Parameters of the FUP SET Command
125
Creating Files Using DDL
126
Using the SET, SHOW, and CREATE Commands
126
Restoring Default File-Creation Parameters
127
File-Creation Examples
128
Figure 8-2. Structure of an Entry-Sequenced File
130
Figure 8-3. Structure of a Relative File
131
Figure 8-4. Key-Sequenced File Format
132
Possible Record Format: Key-Sequenced File with Alternate
133
Figure 8-7. Structure of a Partitioned File
135
Maintaining Your Disk Files
137
Loading Data into Files
137
Purging Data from Files
138
Renaming and Moving Files with Alternate Keys
138
Copying Files to a Backup Volume
139
Adding Alternate Keys to Files
140
Modifying Partitioned Files
141
Reorganizing Key-Sequenced Files
144
Part III. Managing Disk and Tape Processes
145
9 Performing Routine Disk Operations
147
Using the Subsystem Control Facility (SCF)
147
Table 9-1. SCF Command Summary
148
Checking Disk Status
151
Bringing up a Disk or Path
152
Bringing up a Disk from STOPPED
152
Bringing up a Path from STOPPED
152
Bringing up a Disk or Path from a STOPPED State, Substate HARDDOWN
152
Taking down a Disk or Path
153
Taking down a Disk
153
Taking down a Path to a Mirrored Disk
154
Altering the Current Path to a Dual-Ported Disk
155
Removing Half of a Mirrored Disk
155
Bringing up the down Half of a Mirrored Disk
157
Finding and Sparing Bad Tracks and Sectors
158
Managing Disk Space Usage
160
Analyzing Disk Space Usage with the Subsystem Control Facility (SCF)
160
Analyzing Disk Space Usage with the Disk Space Analysis Program (DSAP)
161
Report Formats
162
Listing and Purging Old Disk Files
166
Monitoring and Altering Swap Files
169
How Kernel-Managed Swap Space Works
169
How Kernel-Managed Swap Files Affect You
170
Using NSKCOM to Monitor and Alter Swap Files
171
Solving Common Disk Problems
174
Table 9-2. Common Disk Problems
174
10 Using Labeled Tapes
175
How Labeled-Tape Processing Works
176
The MEDIACOM Interface
176
Table 10-1. MEDIACOM Commands
177
Tape Processing Modes
179
Using Labeled Tapes in LP Mode
180
Using Unlabeled Tapes in NL Mode
181
Bypassing Label Protection in BLP Mode
182
TAPE DEFINE Attributes
183
Table 10-2. TAPE DEFINE Attributes
183
Common Labeled Tape Activities
184
Checking the Status of Tape Drives
184
Setting a Default Tape Drive
186
Taking down and Bringing up a Tape Drive
187
Handling Labeled Tape Messages and Requests
188
Monitoring Labeled-Tape Messages
188
Responding to Messages and Requests
189
Creating and Modifying Labeled Tapes
196
Labeling Tapes
196
Displaying Tape Label Information
198
Relabeling a Tape and Removing a Tape Label
199
Setting Whether Tapes Are Unloaded after Labeling
200
Premounting and Scratching Labeled Tapes
202
Premounting Labeled Tapes
202
Scratching a Labeled Tape
203
Compressing a Tape Dump File
204
Solving Common Tape Subsystem Problems
205
Table 10-3. Common Tape Subsystem Problems
205
11 Backing up and Restoring Disk Information
207
Why Use Backup and Restore
208
Supported Modes of Operation
208
Backing up Your Files
209
Specifying a File-Set List for Backup
210
Using a Qualified File-Set List
211
Using Run Options in a Backup Command
212
Table 11-1. File-Set List Qualifiers
212
Table 11-2. Backup Command Options
213
Restoring Your Files
218
Using Run Options in a Restore Command
219
Table 11-3. Restore Command Options
220
Using Labeled Tapes with Backup and Restore
225
Table 11-4. TAPE DEFINE Attributes for Backup and Restore
225
Using a TAPE DEFINE with Backup
226
Using a TAPE DEFINE with Restore
228
Duplicating Backup Tapes with Backcopy
229
Running Backcopy
229
Table 11-5. Backcopy Command Options
230
Backcopy Examples
231
12 Introduction to the Spooler
236
Why Use the Spooler
236
Spooler Components
236
Figure 12-1. How Spooler Components Interact
237
Spooler Jobs and Job Attributes
238
Figure 12-2. Life Cycle of a Spooler Job
239
Printer Attributes
240
Form Name
240
Header Message
240
State
240
Selection Algorithm
240
Figure 12-3. Sample Header Page
241
Routing Structure
242
Broadcast and Nonbroadcast Groups
242
Default Routing
242
Implicit Route Creation
243
Spooler Routing Structure
243
Figure 12-4. Spooler Routing Structure
243
Printing to the Spooler
244
Sending Output to a Spooler Location
244
Sending Output to a SPOOL DEFINE
245
Table 12-1. SPOOL DEFINE Attributes
245
13 Managing Your Spooler Jobs Using Peruse
250
Running Peruse
250
Spooler Jobs
250
Entering Peruse Commands
251
Declaring the Current Job
252
Displaying a Job
253
Using the Break Key
253
Peruse Commands
254
Table 13-1. Peruse Commands
254
Using Peruse with TFORM
255
Generating Your Spooler Job
255
Finding a Key Phrase in Your Spooler Job
255
Altering Job Attributes
256
Printing Part of a Job
256
Using Peruse with tal
257
Compiling Your Job
257
Monitoring the Job Status
257
Finding tal Errors
258
Using Peruse with Files
260
Copying a Spooler Job to a Spooler Job File
260
Copying a Spooler Job to an EDIT File
261
Copying a Spooler Job File to the Spooler
262
14 Performing Routine Spooler Operations Using Spoolcom
263
Entering Spoolcom Commands
264
Entering Individual Spoolcom Commands at the TACL Prompt
264
Starting a Spoolcom Process and Entering Commands Interactively
264
Entering Commands from a Command File
265
Spoolcom Commands
265
Spoolcom Command Summary
266
Table 14-1. Spoolcom Commands (Super-Group Users Only) (Page 1 of 2
266
Listing Printers and Checking Their Status
268
Table 14-2. Printer Device States
268
Restarting a Printer
269
Table 14-3. Common Device Errors
269
Displaying the Status of Spooler Components
270
Table 14-4. Spoolcom Commands for Displaying Spooler Component Status
270
Monitoring Spooler Processes
271
Monitoring the Spool Supervisor
271
Monitoring Spooler Collector Processes
271
Monitoring Spooler Print Processes
272
Table 14-5. Collector Process States
272
Table 14-6. Print Process States
272
Draining the Spooler
273
How Does Draining Work
273
Starting a Drained Spooler
274
Warmstarting a Drained Spooler
274
Coldstarting a Drained Spooler
275
Guidelines
278
Stopping the Spooler
279
Controlling Print Devices
281
Controlling Jobs
282
Job States
285
Controlling Locations
286
Solving Common Spooler Problems
288
Freeing a Hung Spooler: Cannot Get Jobs in or out
288
Freeing a Hung Spooler: Jobs Do Not Print
290
Clearing a Print Process Error State
291
Clearing a Nonprintable Job
292
Clearing a Paper Jam
295
Recovering from an Invalid (Job -1) State
296
Diagnosing Unusual Problems
297
Problem-Solving Summary
298
Table 14-7. Common Printer and Spooler Problems
298
15 Managing the Spooler Using Spoolcom
302
Naming Spooler Components and Files
302
Table 15-1. Spooler Naming Conventions
302
Managing Collector Processes
303
Adding a Collector to Your Spooler Subsystem
303
Displaying Collector Attributes
304
Table 15-2. Collector Attributes
304
Modifying Collector Attributes
305
Deleting a Collector
305
Managing Print Processes
306
Adding a Print Process
306
Table 15-3. Compaq-Provided Print Processes
306
Displaying the Current Attributes of a Print Process
307
Modifying Print Process Attributes
308
Deleting a Print Process from the Spooler
309
Print Process Attributes
310
Table 15-4. Print Process Attributes and PRINT Subcommands
310
Managing Print Devices
311
Adding a Print Device to Your Spooler Subsystem
311
Displaying Current Print Device Attributes
312
Modifying Print Device Attributes
313
Deleting a Print Device
314
Deleting a Device from a Running Spooler
314
Print Device Attributes
315
Table 15-5. Print Device Attributes and DEV Subcommands
315
Managing Locations
317
Adding a Location and Connecting It to a Device
317
Displaying a Location's Current Attributes
317
Modifying Location Attributes
318
Table 15-6. Location Attributes
318
Deleting a Location
319
Rebuilding the Spooler Control Files
319
Part V. Security Features and Other Guardian Utilities
321
16 Managing Users and Security
323
Your Responsibility to System Users
324
Keeping Current
324
Monitoring the System Frequently
324
Adding Users to the System
324
Changing Logon Defaults
326
Deleting Users from the System
327
Task 1: Delete the User Account
327
Task 2: Clean up the User's Disk Space
327
Determining Group and User Name and Number
329
Interfaces for the Security Features
330
Table 16-1. TACL System Security Features
330
Table 16-2. FUP Disk-File Security Features
331
System Users
332
Identifying System Users
332
Capabilities of System Users
333
Adding New Users
334
Disk-File Security
335
Setting File Security
335
Table 16-3. Types of File Access
335
Table 16-4. Levels of Disk-File Security
335
Accessing Disk Files
336
Table 16-5. Allowed Disk-File Access
336
Process Security
337
Process and Creator Access Ids
337
Adopting the Owner ID of a Program File
338
Figure 16-1. Passing of Access Ids
338
Controlled Access with Program File ID Adoption
339
Effect of Adopting the Owner ID of a Program File
339
Figure 16-2. Effect of Adopting the Owner ID of a Program File
339
Figure 16-3. Employee Record Format
339
Figure 16-4. Controlled Access to a Data File
340
Licensing Programs
340
Network Security
341
Accessing a File on a Remote System
341
Accessing Processes on a Remote System
343
Using a Remote TACL Process to Gain Local Access
343
Establishing a Global Remote Password
344
Establishing Subnetworks
345
Capabilities of a Remote Super ID User
345
Solving System Access Problems
346
Figure 16-5. Flow Chart: Access Problem Troubleshooting Procedure
347
Task 1: Check the Status of the User's TACL Process
348
Task 2: Check for Hardware Problems
349
Task 3: Stop the User's TACL Process
349
Task 4: Stop Other User Processes
350
Task 5: Start a New TACL Process
351
Task 6: Check, Stop, and Restart Terminal Communication Lines
352
Common Terminal and Workstation Problems
354
17 Monitoring Event Messages
356
Understanding Operator Messages
356
Operator Message Monitoring Tools
357
Operator Message Types
357
Operator Messages Format
357
How Operator Messages Are Created
358
Table 17-1. Distributor Processes and Message Destinations
358
Figure 17-1. Operator Messages and the EMS Environment
359
Displaying Error Messages with Error
360
Running Error
360
Error Examples
360
Displaying Operator Messages with a Printing Distributor
361
Starting a Printing Distributor
361
Stopping a Printing Distributor
361
Interpreting Operator Messages
362
Directing Messages to a Disk File
364
Printing Operator Messages
365
Monitoring Messages with the TSM EMS Event Viewer
366
Starting the TSM EMS Event Viewer Application
366
Using the Event Viewer
367
18 Displaying Version and System Information
369
Displaying File Version Information
369
Task 1: Find Product Files
369
Task 2: Select Files for VPROC Processing
370
Task 3: Run VPROC
371
Task 4: Interpret VPROC Output
375
Displaying System Information
377
Task 1: Run SYSINFO
377
Task 2: Interpret SYSINFO Output
377
19 Monitoring Hardware Components
380
Tools for Monitoring System Status
380
Figure 19-1. Example: Simple System Configuration Diagram
380
Table 19-1. Tools to Use for System Monitoring
380
Other Useful Tools
381
Listing the Devices on Your System
382
Example
383
Determining Device States
383
Table 19-2. SCF Object States
384
Checking the Status of Peripherals
386
Checking Disk Status
386
Checking Tape Drive Status
389
Checking Printer and Collector Status
390
Checking the Status of Processors
392
Checking the Status of Network Components
393
Checking the Status of Systems in a Network
393
Checking Servernet LAN Subsystem Status
394
Checking ATP6100 Line Status
397
Checking Line Handler Status
398
Checking Nonstop™ TM/MP Status
399
Table 19-3. TMF States
400
Checking the Status of Pathway
403
PATHMON States
403
Examples
404
Checking the Size of Database Files
405
Automating System Monitoring
406
Learning the Cause of a Problem: a Systematic Approach
411
Tools for Identifying Problems
411
A Problem-Solving Process
412
Table A-1. Problem Solving Worksheet
412
Task 1: Get the Facts and Log the Problem
413
Task 2: Find and Eliminate the Cause of the Problem
414
Task 3: Escalate the Problem
415
Task 4: Focus on Prevention
416
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HP Guardian Specifications
General
Brand
HP
Model
Guardian
Category
Software
Language
English
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