Batteries–ElectricVehicles
•DeionizedWater:Deionizedwateriscreatedbyinducingelectricallychargedresinsthatattractandbindto
sodium,calcium,iron,copper,chloride,andbromideions.Theresultofthiselectricallteringispuriedwater,
whichcontainslittletonomineralions.T omakesurethedeionizedwaterremainsatahighquality,replacethelter
inthedeionizerperthemanufacturer’srecommendations.
•DeionizedSystems:TheServicePartsDepartmentatClubCarofferstwodifferentdeionizersystems:one
forvehiclesequippedwiththeSinglePointWateringSystem(SPWS),andforvehicleswithoutSPWS,CCP/N
105166801.
AlternateMethods
•ReverseOsmosis:Reverseosmosisinvolvesforcingwaterthroughamembranethatallowswatertopasswhile
trappingsolids.Thechoiceofmembraneuseddeterminestheamountofsolidsorimpuritiesthatgettrappedand
hencethepurityqualityofthelteredwater.Inaddition,theusagefrequencyofthemembranecanalsocontribute
tothelteredwaterquality.Duetothevarianceinwaterqualityconsistency,ClubCarrecommendstheuseof
thedeionizerordistilledwater.
•TapWater:Whiletheuseoftapwaterwithoutlteringisanalternatemethodofbatterywatering,itsuseshouldbe
limitedduetothelevelsofdissolvedmineralsandchemicalsthatcandegradebatteryperformanceandlife.If
unlteredtapwaterisused,regularwateranalysesmustbeconductedtocheckforimpurities.Thefollowingchart
liststhemaximumallowableminerals,solids,andcontaminatesinpartspermillionandtheirimpactonbattery
performance.Watertesting,however,isexpensive,andwaterqualitycanchangefromdaytodaydependingon
additives,watermainleaks,etc.Duetothecostandlaborofperformingwaterqualitytests,ClubCarrecommends
theuseofdistilledwateroradeionizer.
IMPURITY
ALLOWABLECONTENT(PARTS
PERMILLION)
EFFECTSOFIMPURITY
SuspendedmatterTraceN/A
Totalsolids100.0N/A
Organicandvolatilematter50.0Corrosionofpositiveplates
Ammonia8.0Slightself-dischargeofbothplates
Antimony5.0
Self-discharge,reduceslife,lower
on-chargevoltage
Arsenic0.5Self-discharge,canformpoisonousgas
Calcium40.0Increaseofpositiveplateshedding
Chloride5.0
Lossofcapacityinplates,greater
lossinpositiveplates
Copper5.0
Increasedself-discharge,lower
on-chargevoltage
Iron3.0
Increasedself-discharge,lower
on-chargevoltage
Magnesium40.0Reducedlife
NickelNoneallowedIntenseloweringofon-chargevoltage
Nitrates10.0Increasedsulfationofnegativeplate
Nitrites5.0
Platecorrosion,lossofcapacity,
reducedlife
PlatinumNoneallowed
Violentself-discharge,lower
on-chargevoltage
Selenium2.0Positiveplateshedding
Zinc4.0Slightself-dischargeofnegativeplates
Page48PrecedentGolfCarOwner’sManual