● Avoid contact with pins, leads, or circuitry.
● Place reusable electrostatic-sensitive parts from assemblies in protective packaging or conductive
foam.
Personal grounding methods and equipment
Use the following equipment to prevent static electricity damage to electronic components:
● Wrist straps are exible straps with a maximum of one-megohm ± 10% resistance in the ground cords.
To provide proper ground, a strap must be worn snug against bare skin. The ground cord must be
connected and t snugly into the banana plug connector on the grounding mat or workstation.
● Heel straps/Toe straps/Boot straps can be used at standing workstations and are compatible with
most types of shoes or boots. On conductive oors or dissipative oor mats, use them on both feet with
a maximum of one-megohm ± 10% resistance between the operator and ground.
Table 4-2 Static shielding protection levels
Static shielding protection levels
Method Voltage
Antistatic plastic
Carbon-loaded plastic
Metallized laminate
1,500
7,500
15,000
Grounding the work area
To prevent static damage at the work area, use the following precautions:
● Cover the work surface with approved static-dissipative material. Provide a wrist strap connected to the
work surface and properly grounded tools and equipment.
● Use static-dissipative mats, foot straps, or air ionizers to give added protection.
● Handle electrostatic sensitive components, parts, and assemblies by the case or PCB laminate. Handle
them only at static-free work areas.
● Turn o power and input signals before inserting and removing connectors or test equipment.
● Use xtures made of static-safe materials when xtures must directly contact dissipative surfaces.
● Keep work area free of nonconductive materials such as ordinary plastic assembly aids and Styrofoam.
● Use eld service tools, such as cutters, screwdrivers, and vacuums, that are conductive.
Recommended materials and equipment
Materials and equipment that are recommended for use in preventing static electricity include:
● Antistatic tape
● Antistatic smocks, aprons, or sleeve protectors
● Conductive bins and other assembly or soldering aids
● Conductive foam
● Conductive tabletop workstations with ground cord of one-megohm +/- 10% resistance
● Static-dissipative table or oor mats with hard tie to ground
32 Chapter 4 Removal and replacement procedures preliminary requirements
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