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Internal relay contacts
Figure 2-5: Route of the electric energy running through the UPS in Online mode
The 3-phase AC input power supply is converted into stable DC voltage through a multi-level
converter composed of IGBT before it’s supplied to the inverter. On the display, the state of the
UPS is shown as “Online Mode”, and the UPS is in “In Service” state.
The input to the battery converter is the DC output from the rectier, and supplies adjustable
charging current to the battery. The UPS is usually connected to a battery, and it supplies energy
to the inverter when AC input is unavailable.
The inverter supplies 3-phase AC output to the load. The inverter converts the output DC power
of the rectier to controllable AC output by the multi-level conversion function of IGBT and PWM.
If the input AC power fails or is out of range, the UPS will switch to battery mode automatically to
supply uninterrupted power to the load. When AC power recovers, the UPS can switch to Online
mode automatically.
If Online mode is overloaded or unavailable, the UPS can accurately switch to bypass mode and
supply power to the load via the static bypass. In the case of any abnormal circumstance (e.g.,
the overload removal takes long or the operation parameters restore to the specied range), the
UPS can return to Online mode automatically.
When redundancy is not available to the UPS due to large load, the UPS will switch to bypass
mode automatically and maintain at the mode until the failure is xed during maintenance, and
the UPS turns normal.
In an external parallel redundant system, each UPS can be isolated from the system to facilitate
maintenance, while other UPSs continue to supply power to the load in Online mode.