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14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION
14.1 PRECAUTIONS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE
If the temperature becomes low, it becomes difficult to start the
engine, and the coolant may freeze, so do as follows.
14.1.1 FUEL AND LUBRICANTS
Change to fuel and oil with low viscosity for all components. For
details of the specified viscosity, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.
14.1.2 COOLANT
WARNING
Keep antifreeze fluid away from an open flame. Never smoke
when using antifreeze.
NOTICE
‡ Never use methanol, ethanol or propanol based antifreeze.
‡ Absolutely avoid using any water leak preventing agent irre-
spective of whether it is used independently or mixed with an
antifreeze.
‡ Do not mix one antifreeze with a different brand.
For details of the antifreeze mixture when changing the coolant,
see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.
Use a Permanent Antifreeze (ethylene glycol mixed with corro-
sion inhibitor, antifoam agent, etc.) meeting the standard require-
ments as shown below. With permanent antifreeze, no change of
coolant is required for a year. If it is doubtful that an available
antifreeze meets the standard requirements, ask the supplier of that
antifreeze for information.
Standard requirements for permanent antifreeze
‡ SAE ........................................................................................ J1034
‡ FEDERAL STANDARD .................................................... O-A-548D
REMARK
Where no permanent antifreeze is available, an ethylene glycol
antifreeze without corrosion inhibitor may be used only for the cold
season. In this case, clean the cooling system twice a year (in spring
and autumn). When refilling the cooling system, add antifreeze in
autumn, but do not add any in spring.
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