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Texas Instruments TI-83-Plus User Manual
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T
exas Instruments Holland B.
V
.
Ruthe
r
fordweg 102
3542 CG Utrecht-The Netherlands
T
exas Instruments U.S.A.
7800 Banner D
r
.
Dallas TX. 75251
ww
w
.ti.com/cal
c
© 1997
T
exas Instruments
TI-83 Plus Developer Guide
Third Release
Back
Front
Spine
5.31”
8.07”
V
ariable
spine
2
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
2
Important Information
2
Table of Contents
3
TI 83 Plus Developer Guide
5
Chapter 1 : Introduction
11
TI 83 Plus Developer Guide
11
Conventions Used in this Guide
11
Purpose of this Guide
12
Structure of this Guide
12
Chapter 2: TI-83 Plus Specific Information
13
Architecture
13
Fig. 2.1: TI 83 Plus Architecture
13
Hardware Layer
14
Z80 CPU and Memory
14
Fig. 2.3: Z80 Memory Space
14
Z80 RAM Structure
15
Fig. 2.2: TI 83 Plus RAM
15
Fig. 2.4: TI 83 Plus RAM Structure
15
System RAM
16
User RAM
16
Temporary RAM
16
Floating Point Stack
16
Free RAM
16
Operator Stack
17
Symbol Table
17
Hardware Stack
17
Flash ROM Structure
18
Fig. 2.5: TI 83 Plus Flash ROM Structure
18
Fig. 2.5B: TI 83 Plus Silver Edition Flash ROM Structure
19
Boot (Code) Area
20
Certification Area
20
Operating System (OS) Area
20
Certificate List Area
20
User APPS (Calculator Software Applications)/Data Area
20
Swap Area/User Apps/Data Area
21
System Development Environment
21
System Routines
21
RST Routines
22
System Flags
22
System RAM Areas
22
Table 2.1: System Flags
23
OP1 through OP6 RAM Registers
27
Table 2.2: OP Registers
27
Table 2.3: Transfer One OP Register to Another (11 Byte Operation)
27
Safe RAM Locations for Application Use
28
Table 2.4: Exchange One OP Register with Another (11 Byte Operation)
28
Table 2.5: Load a Floating-Point Value into an OP Register (9 Byte Operation)
28
Table 2.6: Miscellaneous Floating-Point Utility Routines in OP Registers
28
Table 2.7: Set an OP Register to All Zeros (11 Byte Operation)
28
System Variable Characteristics
29
System Variables Area
29
System Variables that Are both Input and Output
29
Storing and Recalling System Variable Values
30
Table 2.8: Variable Name, RAM Equate, and Systok Value
31
Numeric Based Data Types
32
System Variables that Are Output Only
32
Table 2.9: Floating-Point Number Format
32
User RAM
32
Variable Data Structures
32
Complex Data Type Structure
33
Real Data Type Structure
33
Real List Data Type Structure
33
Complex List Data Type Structure
34
Matrix Data Type Structure
34
Program, Protected Program, Equation, New Equation, and String Data Type Structures
35
Screen Image Data Type Structure
35
TI 83 Plus Tokens
35
Token Based Data Types
35
Graph Database Data Type Structure
36
Guidelines for Appvar Usage
36
Unformatted Appvar Data Type Structure
36
Variable Naming Conventions
36
Table 2.10: Variable Name Format
37
List Variables: L1 – L6
38
Matrix Variables: [A] - [J]
38
Predefined Variable Names
38
Variable Name Spellings
38
Variables: a - Z and
38
Equation Variables: Y1 - Y0, X1T - X6T, Y1T - X1T, R1 - R6, U(N), V(N), W(N)
39
Picture Variables: Pic1 - Pic0
40
String Variables: Str1 - Str0
40
Graph Database Variables: GDB1 - GDB0
41
User-Defined Variable Names
41
Variable: Ans
41
User-Named Lists
42
User-Named Programs
42
Accessing User Variables Stored in RAM - (Unarchived)
43
Accessing Variables that Are Not Programs or Appvars
43
User-Named Appvars
43
Accessing Programs and Appvar Variables
44
Output from a Variable Search on the Symbol Table
44
Creating Variables
46
Storing to Variables
48
Recalling Variables
49
Deleting Variables
50
Archiving and Unarchiving
52
Related Routines
53
Accessing Archived Variables Without Unarchiving
54
Table 2.11: Format of Archive Stored Variables
54
Table 2.12: Format of Archive Stored Variables
56
List Element Routines
57
Manipulation Routines
57
Matrix Element Routines
58
Resizing Appvar, Program, and Equation Variables
59
Symbol Table Structure
61
Fig. 2.6: Symbol Table Structure
61
Table 2.13: Program, Appvar, Group
62
Table 2.14: Lists
62
Table 2.15: Real, Cplx, Mat, EQU, GDB, Pict
62
Table 2.16: Formula Example
64
Floating Point Stack (FPS)
66
General Use Rules
67
Naming Convention
67
FPS Allocation Routines
68
FPS System Routines
68
FPS Deallocation Routines
69
Copy Data to and from Existing FPS Entries
70
Drivers Layer
73
Keyboard
73
Fig. 2.8: Calculator Scan Code
74
Display
80
Display Utility Routines
80
Displaying Using System Routines
80
Displaying Text
81
Fig. 2.9: Home Screen Display Mapping
81
Formatting Numeric Values for Display
82
Entry Points
82
Fig. 2.10: Pen Display Mapping
83
Formatting Numeric Values for Display
85
Entry Points
85
Modifying Display Format Settings
86
Writing Directly to the Display Driver
86
Fig. 2.11: Command Values
86
Reading the Display Driver after Setting X or y Coordinates
89
Contrast Control
91
Split Screen Modes
91
Graphing and Drawing - What's the Difference
93
Drawing
93
Graphing
93
Graphing and Drawing Utility Routines
93
Drawing Routine Specifics
95
Fig. 2.12: Pixel Coordinates
96
Graphing Routine Specifics
98
Graph WINDOW Settings
98
Graphing in a Split Screen
98
Graphing Routines and System Flags
98
Fig. 2.13: Graph WINDOW Setting
98
Run (Busy) Indicator
101
APD (Automatic Power down )
102
Link Port
103
Tools and Utilities Layer
109
Error Handlers
109
Nested Error Handlers
111
Fig. 2.14: Error Flow
111
Utility Routines
112
Floating-Point Math
112
Table 2.17: Floating-Point Basic Math Functions
112
Table 2.18: Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Functions
113
Table 2.19: Floating-Point Power and Logarithmic Math Functions
113
Floating-Point Math Functions that Output Complex Results
114
Miscellaneous Math Functions
114
Table 2.20: Floating-Point Miscellaneous Math Functions
114
Complex Math
115
Table 2.21: Complex Math Basic Math Functions
115
Table 2.22: Complex Math Power and Logarithmic Math Functions
116
Table 2.23: Complex Math Miscellaneous Math Functions
116
Other Math Functions
117
Function Evaluation
118
Parse Routine
118
Table 2.24: Temporary Variables Example
120
Temporary Variables
120
Managing Temporary Variables
121
Using Temporary Variables
121
Fig. 2.15: TI 83 Plus System RAM
121
Deleting Temps and Setting (Ptempcnt)
122
Working with TI Language Localization Applications
124
Table 2.25: Language Table
124
Entering and Exiting an Application Properly
125
Stand-Alone
125
Start-Up Code
125
Fig. 2.16: Control Flow
125
Exit Code
126
Fig. 2.17: Event Sequence
126
Stand-Alone with Put Away Notification
127
Start-Up Code
128
Fig. 2.18: Application Loader Process
128
Put Away Code
130
Chapter 3: Application Development Process
131
Fig. 3.1: Application Development Flow
131
Programming Layer
132
TI BASIC Programs
132
ASM Programs
132
Applications
133
ASM Versus Applications
133
Development System
133
Using the Simulator System - Requirements for Getting Started
133
Apps
133
Creating an Application for Debugging — One-Page and Multi-Page Apps
134
A Brief Overview of Certificates and Application Signing
134
Creating Applications that Fit on One Page
134
The Hello Application
135
Accessing System Resources
135
Accessing System Variables
135
Application Headers
135
Calling System Routines
135
Header Creation
135
Copying the String
136
Defining a String
136
Erasing the Screen
136
Printing Text to the Screen
136
System RAM Registers
136
Exiting an Application
137
Reading a Key Press
137
Creating a Multiple Page Application
137
Branch Table Entries
137
Branch Table Placement
138
Branch Table Equate File
138
Making Off-Page Calls and Jumps
138
Creating a Zilog Developer Studio Project
139
Creating the Project
139
Adding Files to the Project
139
Project Settings
139
Building the Application
140
Loading the Application into the Simulator
141
Debugging the Application
143
Signing the Application
146
Downloading the Application
146
Chapter 4: Development Tools
147
Z80 Development System
147
Installation
147
Introduction
147
Installation
148
Getting Started
148
Address Watch Points
150
Trace Options
150
Breakpoints
152
Address Watch Points
152
Trace Options
153
CPU View Window
154
Disassembly View Window
155
Flash View Window
156
Flash Monitor Window
156
RAM View Window
157
RAM Monitor Window
158
Memory Map Window
159
Calculator Simulator Window
159
Symbol Table
161
Trace Log Window
161
Loading Applications and RAM Files
164
Link Settings
165
Key Press Recording and Playback
166
Save/Display/Compare Calculator Screens
167
Terminating a Session
167
Support in Writing Applications
167
Development Architecture
147
Glossary
168
TI-83 Plus "Small" Character Fonts
184
Other manuals for Texas Instruments TI-83-Plus
Software Guide
99 pages
User Guide
90 pages
Guide Book
200 pages
User Manual
54 pages
Technology Guide
2 pages
4
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Texas Instruments TI-83-Plus Specifications
General
Brand
Texas Instruments
Model
TI-83-Plus
Category
Calculator
Language
English
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