5-4
Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL
Handling Engine Oil
When handling a large amount of engine oil more than the legally specified quantities, be sure to have the work per-
formed by a service station operated under the provision of the law. When removing oil from the engine or oil can,
use an oil pump. Do not siphon oil using a pipe and your mouth.
Be sure to close the cap on the oil can after use.
Keep oil in a well-ventilated place and out of direct sunlight.
Be sure to obtain the MSDS of the engine oil and follow the instructions of the MSDS.
Service Limits of Engine Oil
Engine oil degrades through the use and by lapse of time.
The quality of engine oil and the operating condition of the engine have influence on deterioration of the engine oil.
Change the engine oil in accordance with "MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE" (7-1).However, only if the operating load
is stable and engine oil analysis result allows, oil replacement interval may be changed.
Refer to the following table for the determination of engine oil performance. If any of the following properties
exceeds the limit, replace the engine oil with new oil.
Before filling the engine with engine oil, stop the engine and make sure there are no open flames and other fire
hazards near the engine. Leaked or spilled oil on hot surfaces or electrical components can cause a fire. Wipe off
any spilled oil immediately and thoroughly. After filling oil, securely close the filler cap.
Table 5-2 Table of Engine Oil Properties
Properties Standard Test method
Kinetic viscosity
mm
2
/s @100°C
[212 °F]
Continuous
and general
machinery
use
+30 % or less rate of change from
new oil
10 mm
2
/s [0.155 in
2
/s] or more
JIS K 2283
:2007
ISO 3107
ISO 2909
Emergency
use
+30 % or less rate of change from
new oil
-20 % or less rate of change from
new oil
Base Number mgKOH/g
2.0 or more with hydrochloric acid (HCL) method
1/2 of new oil or more with perchloric acid (PCA)
method
JIS K 2501
:2003
ISO 3771
Acid number mgKOH/g
+3.0 of new oil or less JIS K 2501
:2003
ISO 3771
Water content Vol %
0.2 or less JIS K 2275
:1996
ISO 9029
Flash Point (Open
Cup)
°C
180 [356] or higher JIS K 2265
:2007
ISO 3769
ISO 2719
Pentane Insoluble Wt %
0.5 or less Compliant to ASTM D
893
Pentane Insoluble
Coagulated
Wt %
3.0 or less Compliant to ASTM D
893
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