Installation function
An air/water heat pump installation uses the outdoor air to heat up a
home. The conversion of the outdoor air’s energy into residential heating
occurs in three different circuits. From the outdoor air, (1) , free heat
energy is retrieved and transported to the heat pump. The heat pump
increases the retrieved heat’s low temperature to a high temperature in
the refrigerant circuit, (2) . The heat is distributed around the building in
the heating medium circuit, (3) .
Outdoor air
The outdoor air is sucked into the heat pump.
A
The fan then routes the air to the heat pump’s evaporator. Here, the air re-
leases the heating energy to the refrigerant and the air's temperature drops.
The cold air is then blown out of the heat pump.
B
Refrigerant circuit
A gas circulates in a closed system in the heat pump, a refrigerant, which
also passes the evaporator. The refrigerant has a very low boiling point. In
the evaporator the refrigerant receives the heat energy from the outdoor air
and starts to boil.
C
The gas that is produced during boiling is routed into an electrically powered
compressor. When the gas is compressed, the pressure increases and the
gas's temperature increases considerably, from 0 °C to approx 80 °C.
D
From the compressor, gas is forced into a heat exchanger, condenser, where
it releases heat energy to the indoor module, whereupon the gas is cooled
and condenses to a liquid form again.
E
As the pressure is still high, the refrigerant can pass an expansion valve,
where the pressure drops so that the refrigerant returns to its original tem-
perature. The refrigerant has now completed a full cycle. It is routed to the
evaporator again and the process is repeated.
F
Heat medium circuit
The heat energy that the refrigerant produces in the condenser is retrieved
by the indoor module's water, the heating medium, which is heated to 55
°C (supply temperature).
G
The heating medium circulates in a closed system and transports the heated
water's heat energy to the house radiators/heating coils.
H
The temperatures are only examples and may vary between different installations and
time of year.
NIBE VVM 320Chapter 2 | The heating installation – the heart of the house10
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