Introduction
The KR2i [KrosFlo® Research 2 integrated] and KMPi [KrosFlo® MiniKros® Pilot integrated] Tangential
Flow Filtration (TFF) Systems are ideal automated pump systems for processes ranging from 1ml to
10L and 0.5L to 500L respectively. The systems consist of a digital peristaltic pump, man/machine
interface with graphical LCD display, Pump Head, digital readouts of pressure values with automated
shut-off controls, module stand, and real-time data collection software KF Comm. The KR2i can
mount up to two 2.3 LPM KR2i Easy-Load Pump Heads or two 2.9 LPM KR2i High-Performance Pump
Heads. The KMPi can mount up to two 13 LPM KMPi Easy-Load Pump Heads or one 17 LPM KMPi
High-Performance Pump Head.
When equipped with optional auxiliary components, the TFF system's automated functions are
extended further. Through the combination of specific set-points measured through the TFF
system's auxiliary pumps, scales, KONDUiT and backpressure valves, the TFF system is able to carry
out complicated TFF processes with improved accuracy and efficiency.
The peristaltic pump handles abrasive slurries, corrosive fluids and highly viscous fluids with minimal
wear. The pump also allows only the tubing and other tube material to come in contact with the
fluid, has no valves to clog, and has smooth and easy-to-clean inner surfaces. Its performance has
proven that the bidirectional and self-priming TFF system has low shear, is capable of running dry
and pumping fluids with high quantities of entrained air, has high volumetric efficiency, and a motor
speed repeatability of 0.1 percent to maximize productivity.
The KR2i is the ideal system for small volume, R&D scale microfiltration and ultrafiltration due to its
compact footprint and versatility. The KMPi has been designed to be used with Spectrum’s
ProConnex® Flowpaths, which are sterile, fully-assembled and disposable process flowpaths for TFF.
The KMPi and Pro-Connex sets are ideal for upstream TFF microfiltration and downstream TFF
ultrafiltration. The disposable or dedicated flowpath—including the filter, pressure transducers,
tubing and fittings—eliminates the possibility of cross contamination. TangenX flat-sheet TFF
cassettes can also be used on both the KR2i and KMPi.
The hollow fiber (HF) membrane modules provide excellent performance for sample concentration,
fractionation and washing while avoiding membrane fouling and maximizing product recovery.
TangenX cassettes are ideal for applications where the inner screen increases turbulence and gives
high permeate flux for viscous proteins, oligosaccharides, and viruses for example. The disposability
of both the cassettes and HF filters eliminates not only the potential for cross-contamination and
costs associated with cleaning and rinsing, but also the difficulties associated with validating
reusable membranes. Used in conjunction with HF membrane modules, or TangenX cassettes, the
TFF systems offer the following advantages:
• Faster processing times
• Superior filtration dynamics
• Filter disposability
• Lower costs
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