74
• Note that you cannot use a Solve, differential, quadratic differential, integration,
maximum/minimum value or ! calculation expression inside of an integration cal-
culation term.
• Pressing A during calculation of an integral (while the cursor is not shown on
the display) interrupts the calculation.
• Always perform trigonometric integrations using radians (Rad Mode) as the
angle unit.
• This unit utilizes Simpson’s rule for integration calculation. As the number of
significant digits is increased, more calculation time is required. In some cases,
calculation results may be erroneous even after considerable time is spent per-
forming a calculation. In particular, when significant digits are less than 1, an
ERROR (Ma ERROR) sometimes occurs.
• Integration involving certain types of functions or ranges can result in relatively
large errors being generated in the values produced.
Note the following points to ensure correct integration values.
(1) When cyclical functions for integration values become positive or negative for
different divisions, perform the calculation for single cycles, or divide between
negative and positive, and then add the results together.
"
a
b
f(x)dx =
"
a
c
f(x)dx + (–
"
c
b
f (x)dx)
Positive part (
S
) Negative part (
S
)
(2) When minute fluctuations in integration divisions produce large fluctuations in
integration values, calculate the integration divisions separately (divide the large
fluctuation areas into smaller divisions), and then add the results together.
"
a
b
f(x)dx =
"
a
x1
f (x)dx +
"
x1
x2
f (x)dx +.....+
"
x4
b
f (x)dx
3 - 5 Integration Calculations
Positive
part (S)
Negative part (S)
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