Fig.
40
12.
RELATIVE
MEASUREMENTS
If the frequency and amplitude of some reference signal are
known, an unknown signal may be measured for level and
frequency
without
use of the
VOLTS/DIV
or
SWEEP
TIME/DIV
for calibration.
The
measurement is made in units relative to the reference
signal.
Unknown signal
• Vertical Sensitivity
Setting the relative vertical sensitivity using a reference
signal.
Procedure:
1.
Apply the reference signal to the
INPUT
jack and adjust
the display for a normal waveform display.
Adjust the
VOLTS/DIV
and
VARIABLE
so
that
the signal
coincides
with
the
CRT
face's
graduation lines. After ad-
justing, be sure not to disturb the setting of the
VARIA-
BLE
control.
2.
The vertical calibration coefficient is now the reference
signal's
amplitude (in volts) divided by the
product
of the
vertical amplitude set in step 1 and the
VOLTS/DIV
setting.
Using the formula:
Vertical coefficient
Voltage of the reference signal (V)
Vertical amplitude (div) x
VOLTS/DIV
setting
3.
Remove the reference signal and apply the unknown
sig-
nal to the
INPUT
jack, using the
VOLTS/DIV
control
to
adjust the display for
easy
observation. Measure the am-
plitude
of the displayed waveform and use the
follow-
ing relationship to calculate the actual amplitude of the
unknown waveform.
Using the formula:
Amplitude of the unknown signal (V)
=
Vertical distance (div) x Vertical coefficient
x
VOLTS/DIV
setting
[EXAMPLE]
For
the example, the
VOLTS/DIV
is 1 V/div.
The
reference signal is 2 Vrms. Using the
VARIABLE,
ad-
just so
that
the amplitude of the reference signal is 4 divi-
sions.
(See Fig. 41)
Substituting the given value:
rr
. . 2 Vrms
Vertical coefficient =
4 (div) x
1
(V/div)
=
0.5
Then
measure the unknown signal and
VOLTS/DIV
is 5 V
and vertical amplitude is 3 divisions.
Substituting the given value:
Effective
value of unknown signal = 3 (div) x 0.5 x 5(V/div)
=
7.5 V rms
• Period
Setting the relative sweep coefficient
with
respect to a refer-
ence
frequency signal.
Procedure:
1.
Apply the reference signal to the
INPUT
jack, using the
VOLTS/DIV
and
VARIABLE
to
obtain
an easily observed
waveform display.
Using the
SWEEP
TIME/DIV
and
VARIABLE
adjust one
cycle
of the reference signal to occupy a fixed number
of
scale
divisions accurately. After this is done be sure
not to disturb the setting of the
VARIABLE
control.
30
Reference
signal
Adjusted reference signal
Fig.
41