Contents
iv
Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................................... i
Contents of the Manual .................................................................................................... ii
Symbols Used in This Manual .......................................................................................... ii
Table of Chapters .............................................................................................................. iii
Safety Precautions ........................................................................................................... vii
WARNING and CAUTION Symbols ............................................................................... vii
Meaning of Symbols Used on the Product ..................................................................... vii
WARNING ............................................................................................................... viii
CAUTION .................................................................................................................. ix
Notes on Handling the Product .......................................................................................... x
Microscopy Procedures .......................................................................... 1
1 Bright-field Microscopy .............................................................................................. 1
1.1 System Configuration and Controls ................................................................... 1
1.2 Bright-field Microscopy Procedure ..................................................................... 3
2 Phase Contrast Microscopy .................................................................................... 11
2.1 System Components and Controls ................................................................... 11
2.2 Phase Contrast Microscopy Procedure ........................................................... 13
3 Simple Polarizing Microscopy ................................................................................. 18
3.1 System Configuration and Controls ................................................................. 18
3.2 Simple Polarizing Microscopy Procedure ........................................................ 20
4 Sensitive Polarization Microscopy ........................................................................... 25
4.1 System Configuration and Controls ................................................................. 25
4.2 Sensitive Polarization Microscopy Procedure .................................................. 27
5 Epi-fluorescence Microscopy .................................................................................. 32
5.1 System Configuration and Controls ................................................................. 32
5.2 Epi-fluorescence Microscopy Procedure ......................................................... 34
Individual Operations ............................................................................ 39
1 Adjusting the Brightness of a Diascopic Image ....................................................... 39
1.1 Adjustment with the Dia-illumination Brightness Control Knob ........................ 39
1.2 Adjustment with ND Filters ............................................................................... 39
2 Focusing on the Specimen (Vertical Stage Movement) ........................................... 40
2.1 Focus Knob Rotation and Stage Movement .................................................... 41
2.2 Number of Focus Knob Turns and Distance of Stage Travel ........................... 41
2.3 Adjusting the Rotating Torque of the Coarse Focus Knob ............................... 42
2.4 Refocusing ....................................................................................................... 42
2.5 Position Exchange of the Fine Focus Knob ..................................................... 43
3 Bringing the Specimen into the Optical Path (Horizontal Stage Movement) ........... 44
3.1 Knob Rotation and Stage Movement ............................................................... 44
3.2 Adjusting the Knob Heights .............................................................................. 44
3.3 Adjusting the Knob Rotation Torque ................................................................. 44
4 Adjusting the Diopter ............................................................................................... 45
5 Focusing and Centering the Condenser ................................................................. 46
6 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm .......................................................................... 47
6.1 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm Using the Condenser Scale ...................... 47
6.2 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm Using the Centering Telescope ................. 47
7 Selecting a Condenser ............................................................................................ 48