-
12
-
'15 • HM-T-246
1.4 Feature of natural refrigerant CO
2
1.4.1 General characteristics
The general characteristics of CO
2
is as follows.
Under the atmospheric pressure, since CO
2
is gaseous state and has following characteristics, be careful to handle it.
a) It is colorless and odorless gas, but when interacting with water, it produces mild acidity and irritating odor.
b) When dissolving it with water, it will be mild acidic and may cause metal to corrode.
c) It is heavier than air and remains on the floor in the unvented room.
d) In case of high density, it may have a risk for addiction or suffocation.
e) Carbon oxide gas is effective for fire extinction because of noncombustible and nonflammable gas.
f) Liquefied carbon oxide is ordinarily stored in the bomb at -20
℃
when releasing it into the air, it will be solid “Dry Ice Snow (frozen carbon oxide)” and CO
2
gas.
g) Solid carbon oxide is so called “Dry Ice” which is solidified “Dry Ice Snow” mentioned above. Since it has very low
temperature of -78.5
℃
under the atmospheric pressure, it may have a risk for frostbite when touching it with one’s bare
hands. And if it gets into someone’s eye, it may have a risk for loss of one’s eyesight. Therefore when releasing it, espe-
cially be careful to handle it.
Appearance Gas: Colorless
Liquid: Clear and Colorless
Solid: Milky white
If releasing the liquid CO
2
into the air, it will be a low-temperature
solid (Dry Ice)
Smell Odorless (When interacting with water, it produces mild acidity and
irritating odor.)
Absolute vapor pressure
℃
)
℃
)
℃
)
Density of gas 1.977kg/m3 (0
℃
Since it is heavier than air, it remains on the f loor or in the dimple
Density of liquid 1.030kg/liter (-20
℃
When varying to gas from liquid, it will expand its volume to roughly
500 times (At purging to the air)
Density of solid 1.566kg/liter (-80
℃
)
Solid CO
2
(Dry Ice) has extremely low-temperature at -78.5
℃
Flash point
Ignition point
extinguishing gas.
Solubility into water 1.713 literCO
2
/liter H
2
O (0
℃
1.194 literCO
2
/liter H
2
O (10
℃
0.878 literCO
2
/liter H
2
O (20
℃
CO
2
is easily dissolved into water and carbonic water can be made by
dissolving 1 liter of CO
2
into 1 liter of water.
Others The liquid CO
2
Act
Table 1.1 General characteristics of CO
2
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