10.28
ELECTRICAL
Specific Gravity Test
A tool such as a Battery Hydrometer (PN 2870836) can be used
to measure electrolyte strength or specific gravity. As the battery
goes through the charge/discharge cycle, the electrolyte goes
from a heavy (more acidic) state at full charge to a light (more
water) state when discharged. The hydrometer can measure
state of charge and differences between cells in a multi-cell
battery. Readings of 1.270 or greater should be observed in a
fully charged battery. Differences of more than .025 between the
lowest and highest cell readings indicate a need to replace the
battery.
Load Test
NOTE: This test can only be performed on machines
with electric starters. This test cannot be performed
with an engine or starting system that is not working
properly.
A battery may indicate a full charge condition in the OCV test
and the specific gravity test, but still may not have the storage
capacity necessary to properly function in the electrical system.
For this reason, a battery capacity or load test should be
conducted whenever poor battery performance is encountered.
To perform this test, hook a multitester to the battery in the same
manner as was done in the OCV test. The reading should be 12.6
volts or greater. Engage the starter and observe the battery
voltage while cranking the engine. Continue the test for 15
seconds. During cranking the observed voltage should not drop
below 9.5 volts. If the beginning voltage is 12.6 volts or higher
and the cranking voltage drops below 9.5 volts during the test,
replace the battery.
Off Season Storage
See Chapter 2 “Maintenance” for battery service procedures.
Charging Procedure
1. Remove the battery to prevent damage from leaking or
spilled acid during charging.
2. Charge the battery with a charging output no larger than 1/
10 of the battery’s amp/hr rating. Charge as needed to raise
the specific gravity to 1.270 or greater.
3. Install battery in vehicle with positive terminal toward the
front. Coat threads of battery bolt with a corrosion resistant
dielectric grease.
4. Connect battery cables.
5. After connecting the battery cables, install the cover on the
battery and attach the hold down strap.
6. Install clear battery vent tube from vehicle to battery vent.
WARNING: Vent tube must be free from obstructions and
kinks and securely installed. If not, battery gases could
accumulate and cause an explosion. Vent should be routed
away from frame and body to prevent contact with
electrolyte. Avoid skin contact with electrolyte, as severe
burns could result. If electrolyte contacts the vehicle frame,
corrosion will occur.
7. Route cables so they are tucked away in front and behind
battery.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
State of Charge*
Conventional
Lead-Acid
YuMicron™ Type
100% Charged 1.265 1.275
75% Charged 1.210 1.225
50% Charged 1.160 1.175
25% Charged 1.120 1.135
0% Charged less than 1.100 less than 1.115
* At 80° F
NOTE: Subtract .01 from the specific gravity reading at 40° F.
CAUTION
To prevent shock or component damage,
remove spark plug high tension leads and
connect securely to engine ground
before proceeding.
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
Detail A
Battery Hydrometer (PN 2870836)
Dielectric Grease
(PN 2871329)
WARNING
To avoid the possibility of explosion, connect
positive (+) cable first and negative (-) cable last.
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