Model
5528A
S
lr
a
ightn
ess
Mea
s
urement
s (
Along
A Horizontal Axis)
10-24
Environmental Errors
Description
As with any
ac
curate measurement, and in particular with all
la
ser
Sys
tem measurements, the
environment pla
ys
a
ve
ry important role.
Environmental
errOrS
corne
from
-
1.
Thermal expansion
of
the
ma
chine
or
part,
2.
Ma
chine vibration,
3. Air
turbulence.
A Straightness meas
ur
ement
is
especially su
sce
ptible to environmental effects.
It
is imp
oss
ible to
quantitatively determine
how
these environmental c
hara
cteri
st
i
cs
will affect the m
eas
urement,
although it is sometimes
possible to
identify
when th
ey
are
ha
ving an effect.
Excessive
vibration and/
or
air turbulence
ca
n be identified by -
1. Random
drifting
of
the measurement results when the Optics are at
rest.
2.
Drifting
increa
si
ng
as
the distance between the Optics increa
ses.
The effects of vibration
ca
n be further identified if the drifting
of
the
mea
surement SlOpS when the
ma
chine
is
turned of(, or by
e)(cee
ding the slew rate during the
mea
su
rcment (
di
srupting the
measurement
).
Minimizing
Eff
ects
1. Thermal expansion
of
the machine
or
Optics.
These effects
ca
n be minimized by Ictting the machine and
Opti
cs
reach thermal e<luilibrium
before making a m
eas
urement.
2.
Machine
Vibrations.
it
. Adequate fixturing
is
the
ma
in way
to
reduce the effects of vibration.
Make
s
ur
e the Straightn
ess
Reflector
's
Ba
se
is
sec
urely fastened 10 the tabl
e,
and that the
Po
st
is
secu
rely fastened to the b
ase
on one end and the R
efleao
r on the OIher.
Avoid
long
ex
tensions.
b.
Vibrational effe
cts
c
an
also
be reduced
by
-
• Averaging su
ccess
i
ve
runs
or
averaging su
ccess
i
ve
ave
rag
es.
•
More
accurale manual s
lop
e rem
ova
l.
• Reduced feed rales.
•
Pad
s
under
the refl
edo
r
's
b
ase
as
a
la
sl resort in high-vibration, low-accu
ra
cy
work.