CHAPTER
1
TH E ENGI
NE
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Description
Working on engine in the car
Removing the engine
Removing
and
replacing
the
cylinder
head
Servicing the
head
and valve
gear
Removing
valve timing
gear
and camshaft
Replacing valve timing
gear
and camshaft
Removing
and
reÍitting
the
oil
pump
Removing
clutch and
flywheel
Splitting
big-ends, removing rods and
pistons
1
:1
Description
The engine used in the Peugeot 404 is
a
Íour
cylinder
in-line,
water-cooled unit
with
overhead valves operated
by
pushrods
from a side mounted camshaft, which is
chain driven from the crankshaft sprocket.
Cubic capacity
is 1618cc
obtained
from
a bore and
stroke oí 84 mm and 73 mm
respectively.
The type number
was XC when introduced but with
periodic
modification
this became
type XC7 in 1970.
All engines have wet cylinder liners made of centri-
fugal cast iron and a light alloy'alpax type'cylinder head
with
offset
spherical cap-shaped
combustion chambers.
The valve
guides
and seats are made of special cast
rron
and are removable.
The valves are made of chromium nickel steel with a
hard chrome
plating
on their
bearing lengths. Each valve
is held by an
inner
and outer spring which are identical
for inlet or exhaust valves.
The Íorged
steel crankshaft
rests on three main bearings
in the XC engines, and
on
five
main bearings in
the XC5
and
later engines. The
longitudinal
play
is limited
by two
thrust
flanges on either side of the
rear main
bearing.
All models are equipped
with
an
electro-magnetic
cooling
fan that disconnects itselÍ
automatically
when
the
water
temoerature
rs low. The fan
cuts
itself
out
when
the temperatuÍe drops to 68"C and cuts in again at 82oC.
P404
1
:1 1 Piston rings
and
gudgeon
pins
1 :12 Removing
and
replacing
crankshaft
and
main
bearings
1
:13
Oil
f ilter
1 :14 Reassembling
stripped
engine
1
:15 Replacing engine in
the car
1 :1 6 Rocker
clearance adjustment
1 :17
Closed crankcase ventilation
1 :18 Fault
diagnosis
The
carburetter
is
a Solex 32 PBICA on all XC engines
and early XC5 engines with a
Solex 34
PBICA
on
later
XC5 installations.
The drive from the engine is transmitted through
a
single dry
plate
clutch. The clutch thrust bearing is made
oÍ
graphite
and must
be
lubricated every 1900
miles
with 1 cc
of
engine
oil.
When fitted into
the car the engine is tilted
at an angle
of 45 deg.
to
the right.
At the
same
time it slants down-
wards at the rear to lower
the drive
line. This
in turn
lowers
the bonnet
line
and the centre of
gravity.
To the
owner
it has the
great
advantage of bringing all the
engine accessories, the carburetter,
generator,
distributor
and fuel
pump
onto the'up'side
oÍ the
engine
making
them all easily
accessible.
The
one
exception is
the spark
plugs
which are somewhat
shrouded,
1
:2
Working
on
engine in car
lf the owner is not a skilled automobile
engineer it is
suggested that before
starting work he should read
the
'Hints
on Maintenance and Overhaul' to be
found
at the
end of this
manual. The need
for
cleanliness must be
stressed and the operator
will
save
himself much
time
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