Fundamentals, File Management | Fundamentals
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HEIDENHAIN | TNC 620 | Conversational Programming User's Manual | 10/2017
141
Reference systems
For the control to traverse an axis according to a defined path it
requires a reference system.
A paraxially mounted linear encoder on a machine tool serves
as a simple reference system for linear axes. The linear encoder
represents a number ray, a unidimensional coordinate system.
To approach a point on the plane, the control requires two axes and
therefore a reference system with two dimensions.
To approach a point in the space, the control requires three axes
and therefore a reference system with three dimensions. If these
three axes are configured perpendicular to each other this creates a
so-called three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.
According to the right-hand rule the fingertips point in
the positive directions of the three main axes.
For a point to be uniquely determined in space, a coordinate origin
is needed in addition to the configuration of the three dimensions.
The common intersection serves as the coordinate origin in a 3-D
coordinate system. This intersection has the coordinates X+0, Y+0
and Z+0.
The control must differentiate between various reference systems
for it to always perform a tool change at the same position for
example, or carry out a machining operation always related to the
current workpiece position.
The control differentiates between the following reference
systems:
Machine coordinate system M-CS:
Machine Coordinate System
Basic coordinate system B-CS:
Basic Coordinate System
Workpiece coordinate system W-CS:
Workpiece Coordinate System
Working plane coordinate system WPL-CS:
Working Plane Coordinate System
Input coordinate system I-CS:
Input Coordinate System
Tool coordinate system T-CS:
Tool Coordinate System
All reference systems build up on each other. They are
subject to the kinematic chain of the specific machine
tool.
The machine coordinate system is the reference
system.
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