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Relative, Math, Ratio, and Delta

• Relative — Discusses the relative (REL) mode that can be used to null offsets or sub-

tract a baseline value from readings.

• Measurement Math Functions — Provides detailed information on the following

math functions: I/V, V/I, MX + B, electrical power (V × I), and optical power.

• RATIO and DELTA — Discusses the ratio and delta functions, which can be used to

calculate the ratio or difference between channel 1 and channel 2 measurement func-

tion results.

Test Equipment Depot - 800.517.8431 - 99 Washington Street Melrose, MA 02176

TestEquipmentDepot.com

Default Chapter7
- Table of Contents7
1 Getting Started33
- General Information34
- Product Overview37
- Front and Rear Panel Familiarization38
- Power-Up42
- Display45
- Default Settings48
- Menus52
2 Connections63
- Connection Precautions64
- INPUT and OUTPUT Connectors64
- Connector Terminals65
  - Triax INPUT Connectors65
  - OUTPUT Connectors65
- Output Enable66
- Photodiode Connections66
- Alternate Connecting Methods71
  - Current Measurement Connections71
  - Voltage Source Connections72
- Analog Output Connections (Model 2502 Only)73
3 Basic Operation78
- Operation Overview79
- Operation Considerations81
- Basic Measurement Procedure87
- Using the Analog Outputs (Model 2502 Only)91
- Table 3-7 Basic Measurement Command Sequence91
4 Photodiode Measurements92
- Conﬁguring Measurements93
- Front Panel Photodiode Measurements95
  - Photodiode Measurement Circuit Conﬁguration95
  - Front Panel Photodiode Measurement Procedure95
- Remote Photodiode Measurements96
5 Measurement Concepts100
- Source-Delay-Measure Cycle101
- Sweep Waveforms103
- Bias Source Operating Boundaries105
- Data Flow107
6 Range, Digits, Speed, and Filters110
- Range and Digits111
- Speed114
  - Setting Speed115
    - Speed-Accuracy Menu115
  - Remote Speed Programming116
    - Speed Commands116
    - Speed Programming Example116
- Filters116
7 Relative, Math, Ratio, and Delta124
- Relative125
  - Front Panel Rel125
  - Remote Rel Programming126
- Measurement Math Functions127
- RATIO and DELTA131
8 Data Store136
- Data Store Overview137
- Front Panel Data Store137
- Remote Command Data Store141
9 Sweep Operation143
- Sweep Types144
- Conﬁguring and Running a Sweep148
10 Triggering158
- Trigger Model (Front Panel Operation)159
- Trigger Link165
- Conﬁguring Triggering171
  - CONFIGURE TRIGGER Menu171
  - Figure 10-8 Conﬁgure Trigger Menu Tree173
- Remote Triggering174
11 Limit Testing183
- Types of Limits184
- Operation Overview186
- Binning Systems192
- Digital Output Clear Pattern196
  - Enabling Auto-Clear196
  - Auto-Clear Timing197
- Conﬁguring and Performing Limit Tests198
  - Conﬁguring Limit Tests198
  - Performing Limit Tests200
- Remote Limit Testing202
12 Digital I/O Port, Output Enable, and Output Conﬁguration205
- Digital I/O Port206
- Output Enable210
- Figure 12-4 Using Test Fixture Output211
- Front Panel Output Conﬁguration212
  - Conﬁgure OUTPUT Menu212
- Remote Output Conﬁguration213
  - Output Conﬁguration Commands213
  - Output Conﬁguration Programming Example214
13 Remote Operations215
- Differences: Remote Vs. Local Operation216
  - Local-To-Remote Transition216
  - Remote-To-Local Transition216
- Selecting an Interface216
- GPIB Operation217
- General Bus Commands220
- Front Panel GPIB Operation223
- Programming Syntax224
- RS-232 Interface Operation231
14 Status Structure235
- Overview236
- Clearing Registers and Queues238
- Programming and Reading Registers239
- Status Byte and Service Request (SRQ)241
- Status Register Sets245
- Queues253
  - Output Queue253
  - Error Queue254
    - Programming Example - Read Error Queue255
    - Table 14-9 Error Queue Commands255
15 Common Commands256
- Command Summary257
- Command Reference258
16 SCPI Signal-Oriented Measurement Commands262
- Command Summary263
- Conﬁguring Measurement Function263
  - Configure:current[:DC]263
- Acquiring Readings264
17 SCPI Command Reference267
- Reference Tables268
  - Table 17-1 Calculate Command Summary271
  - Table 17-2 Display Command Summary274
  - Table 17-3 Format Command Summary275
  - Table 17-4 Output Command Summary276
- Table 17-5 Sense Command Summary277
- Table 17-6 Source Command Summary279
- Table 17-7 Status Command Summary284
- Table 17-8 System Command Summary285
- Table 17-9 Trace Command Summary286
- Table 17-10 Trigger Command Summary287
- Calculate Subsystems288
- Calculate[1] and Calculate2289
  - Select Math Function289
- Set MX + B Parameters290
  - Mbfactor <N290
  - Mmfactor <N290
  - Munits <Name290
- Set Optical Power Parameters291
  - DC<N291
  - Resp<N291
- Enable and Read Math Function Result292
  - State <B292
  - Data292
  - Latest292
- Calculate3 and Calculate4293
  - Select Input Path293
    - FEED <Name293
  - Set or Acquire Relative Value294
    - Acquire294
    - Offset <N294
  - Enable and Read Relative Result294
    - Data294
    - State <B294
- Calculate5295
  - Select RATIO Calculation Mode295
    - Format <Name295
  - Enable and Read RATIO Result295
    - Data295
    - State <B295
- Calculate6296
  - Select DELTA Calculation Mode296
    - Format <Name296
  - Enable and Read DELTA Result296
    - Data296
    - State <B296
- Calculate7297
  - Select Input Path297
    - FEED <Name297
  - Read Limits Data298
    - Data298
    - Latest298
  - Conﬁgure and Control Limit Tests298
  - Calculate8305
  - Display Subsystem306
  - Format Subsystem309
  - Output Subsystem318
- Sense Subsystem320
  - Select Measurement Range320
  - Set Measurement Speed322
    - Nplcycles <N322
  - Conﬁgure and Control Filters323
- Source Subsystem326
  - Source[1] and Source2326
  - Control Source Output On-Off326
    - MODE <Name326
    - [:Immediate]326
  - Select Sourcing Mode327
    - MODE <Name327
  - Select Range327
    - Range <N327
    - AUTO <B328
  - Set Amplitude for Fixed Source329
    - [:Immediate][:Amplitude] <N329
    - Triggered[:Amplitude] <N330
  - Set Delay331
    - AUTO <B331
    - Delay <N331
  - Select Ground Connect Mode332
    - Gconnect <B332
  - Conﬁgure Sweeps332
  - Status Subsystem344
  - System Subsystem347
  - Error Queue348
  - Simulate Key Presses350
    - Key350
  - Read Version of SCPI Standard351
    - Version351
  - RS-232 Interface351
  - Reset Timestamp352
    - Reset352
- Trace Subsystem353
  - Read and Clear Buffer353
    - Clear353
    - Data353
  - Conﬁgure and Control Buffer354
  - Select Timestamp Format355
    - Format <Name355
- Trigger Subsystem356
  - Initiate Source/Measure Cycle356
    - Initiate356
  - Abort Source/Measure Cycle356
    - Abort356
  - Program Trigger Model357
- Data Flow375
  - Figure C-1 Data Flow Block Diagram376
  - Introduction376
  - SENS1 and SENS2377
  - Calculate3:Data? and Calculate4:Data378
  - Calculate5:Data? and Calculate6:Data378
  - Calculate7:Data378
  - Calculate8:Data378
  - Calculate[1]:Data? and Calculate2:Data378
  - Trace:data378
- IEEE-488 Bus Overview379
  - Introduction380
  - Bus Description381
  - Figure D-1 IEEE-488 Bus Conﬁguration382
  - Bus Lines383
  - Bus Commands385
500 D IEEE-488 Bus Overview389
- Interface Function Codes392
- Test Equipment Depot - 800.517.8431 - 99 Washington Street Melrose, MA393
IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information395
- Introduction395
  - Table E-2 Coupled Commands397
Measurement Considerations398
- Low Current Measurements399
- General Measurement Considerations404
GPIB 488.1 Protocol408
- Introduction409
- Selecting the 488.1 Protocol409
- Protocol Differences410
Example Programs412
- Test Equipment Depot - 800.517.8431 - 99 Washington Street Melrose, MA412
- Introduction413
- Basic Measurement Program414
- Photodiode Measurement Program415
- Data Store Program416
- Linear Sweep Program417
- Limit Test Program418

Brand	Keithley
Model	2500
Category	Measuring Instruments
Language	English

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