12-4 DELTA/DELTA XL/KAPPA VF8
12 R
ESPIRATION
Patient Preparation
Proper skin preparation and careful electrode positioning are essential for reliable
results in impedance respiration monitoring. Follow the same recommendations as
those for ECG monitoring (see page 8-8).
As a rule, place electrodes so that they generate the clearest possible signals with a
minimum of artifact. Electrodes that adhere tightly and have a large conductive area
give the best results. Use a 5-lead cable set (with RL as a neutral electrode) to improve
the RESP signal. You may want to position the electrodes to span the maximum
expansion and contraction of the lungs, especially in the case of deep abdominal
breathers.
For neonates, place the RA and LA electrodes at nipple level, midaxillary line.
Position the LL electrode below the diaphragm and umbilicus. Avoid the liver area
and ventricles of the heart to prevent artifacts caused by pulsatory blood flow. The
following figure illustrates the recommended placement of ECG leads for impedance
respiration on an adult and a neonate:
Respiration Lead Place-
ment
Adult
Neonate
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