P44x/EN CM/Hb
MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444
(CM) 9-
Figure 10: Single characteristic with P forward zone
Z1, Z2, Z3, Zp, Z4 : limits of zone 1, 2, 3, p, 4
R1G, R2G, R3G, RpG : resistance limits of zone 1, 2, 3, p, 4 for single-phase fault.
K01, K02, K03, K0p : residual compensation factor of zone 1, 2, 3, p
Zone 1, 2, 3 & P can have different resistance limits and residual factors. Zones 3 and 4
(start zone) have the same resistance sensitivity and residual compensation factor. The
residual compensation factor depends of the line’s characteristic in each zone.
Line angle: ϕpg = Arg
where Zx0 is the zero sequence impedance for zone x
and Z1 is the positive impedance.
Zones coverage
Different line angles for each single-phase characteristic zone can be defined, and,
depending on the configuration of each zone, some encroachment between zones could
occur.
Figure 11: