6 FRONT AXLE
[2]
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
82410 • 82710 • 82910
WSM,
12271
directions.
This arrangement
is
referred to
as
the Front Wheel
Alignment.
• Camber
The front wheels are tilted from the vertical
as
viewed
from the front, upper wheels are spreader than lower
ones.
This inclination
is
called camber
(a).
Camber
reduces bending or twisting
of
the front axle caused by
vertical load
or
running resistance, and also maintains
the stability
in
running.
To
assure smooth mobility or maneuverability and
enhance stable and straight running, the front wheels
are mounted at
an
angle to the right, left and forward
a
00000F60010
ICamber
I
~:035
rad.
12270M60020
a
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• Kingpin Angle
The kingpin
is
tilted from the vertical
as
viewed from
the front.
This angle
is
called kingpin angle (a).
As
with the
camber, kingpin angle reduces rolling resistance of the
wheels, and prevents any shimmy motion of the steering
wheel.
It also reduces steering effort.
2WD
0.140
rad.
8 •
Kingpin angle
0.209
rad.
4WD
12 •
12271M60050
Front Rear
• Caster
The kingpin
is
tilted forward as viewed from the side.
The point (b) of the wheel center line
is
behind the point
(a) of the kingpin shaft center line.
This inclination
is
called caster (c). Caster helps
provide steering stability.
As
with the kingpin inclination, caster reduces
steering effort.
l_c_a_st_er
I_~_~a_d_.
--'
00000F60030
a
b
12270M60040
6-M6
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