ENGINE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
COOLANT
DESCRIPTION ..........................9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - COOLING
SYSTEM LEAKS ......................10
STANDARD PROCEDURE
STANDARD PROCEDURE - ADDING
ADDITIONAL COOLANT .................11
STANDARD PROCEDURE - DRAINING
COOLING SYSTEM ....................12
STANDARD PROCEDURE - REFILLING
COOLING SYSTEM ....................12
COOLANT LEVEL SENSOR
REMOVAL .............................13
INSTALLATION .........................13
RADIATOR FAN
REMOVAL .............................13
INSTALLATION .........................13
ENGINE BLOCK HEATER
REMOVAL .............................14
INSTALLATION .........................14
ENGINE COOLANT TEMP SENSOR
DESCRIPTION .........................14
REMOVAL .............................14
INSTALLATION .........................15
ENGINE COOLANT THERMOSTAT
REMOVAL .............................15
INSTALLATION .........................16
FAN DRIVE VISCOUS CLUTCH
REMOVAL .............................16
INSTALLATION .........................16
RADIATOR
REMOVAL .............................16
INSTALLATION .........................17
RADIATOR PRESSURE CAP
DESCRIPTION .........................18
OPERATION ...........................18
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - RADIATOR
PRESSURE CAP ......................19
WATER PUMP
REMOVAL .............................19
INSTALLATION .........................20
COOLANT
DESCRIPTION
Coolant flows through the engine water jackets and
cylinder heads absorbing heat produced by the engine
during operation. The coolant carries heat to the radia-
tor and heater core. Here it is transferred to ambient
air passing through the radiator and heater core fins.
The required ethylene-glycol (antifreeze) and water
mixture depends upon the climate and vehicle oper-
ating conditions. The recommended mixture of 50/50
ethylene-glycol and water will provide protection
against freezing to -37 deg. C (-35 deg. F). The anti-
freeze concentration must always be a minimum of
44 percent, year-round in all climates. If percentage
is lower than 44 percent, engine parts may be
eroded by cavitation, and cooling system com-
ponents may be severely damaged by corrosion.
Maximum protection against freezing is provided
with a 68 percent antifreeze concentration, which
prevents freezing down to -67.7 deg. C (-90 deg. F). A
higher percentage will freeze at a warmer tempera-
ture. Also, a higher percentage of antifreeze can
cause the engine to overheat because the specific
heat of antifreeze is lower than that of water.
100 Percent Ethylene-Glycol—Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles
Use of 100 percent ethylene-glycol will cause forma-
tion of additive deposits in the system, as the corrosion
inhibitive additives in ethylene-glycol require the pres-
ence of water to dissolve. The deposits act as insulation,
causing temperatures to rise to as high as 149 deg. C
(300 deg. F). This temperature is hot enough to melt
plastic and soften solder. The increased temperature can
result in engine detonation. In addition, 100 percent
ethylene-glycol freezes at -22 deg. C (-8 deg. F ).
Propylene-glycol Formulations—Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles
Propylene-glycol formulations do not meet
Chrysler coolant specifications.
It’s overall effec-
tive temperature range is smaller than that of ethylene-
glycol. The freeze point of 50/50 propylene-glycol and
water is -32 deg. C (-26 deg. F). 5 deg. C higher than
ethylene-glycol’s freeze point. The boiling point (protec-
tion against summer boil-over) of propylene-glycol is 125
deg. C (257 deg.F)at96.5 kPa (14 psi), compared to
128 deg. C (263 deg. F) for ethylene-glycol. Use of pro-
pylene-glycol can result in boil-over or freeze-up in
Chrysler vehicles, which are designed for ethylene-gly-
col. Propylene glycol also has poorer heat transfer char-
VA ENGINE 7 - 9
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